Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol and para‐aminophenol in pharmaceutical dosage forms using two novel multivariate standard addition methods based on net analyte signal and rank annihilation factor analysis

Abstract

Recently we proposed two multivariate standard addition methods using net analyte signal concept and rank annihilation factor analysis, which we named SANAS and SARAF, respectively. These methods could model both indirect sample matrix effects and direct interference effects of the coexisting analytes. Here, the potential of these methods for simultaneous determination of paracetamol and para-aminophenol in the synthetic mixtures and pharmaceutical products was examined. It was found that both models could predict the concentration of analytes in synthetic mixtures with relative errors of prediction lower than 7%. Moreover, the employed methods exhibited the recoveries in the range of 93.11 and 108.67 for analysis of the drugs in the real matrices. From SANAS plots, the figures of merit including sensitivity, selectivity and limit of detection were calculated as 0.143 µg/ml, 0.587 and 0.018 µg/ml for paracetamol and 0.128 µg/ml, 0.547 and 0.020 µg/ml for para-aminophenol, respectively.

Combination of cumulative area pre- processing and partial least squares for handling intensely overlapping binary and ternary drug systems

“…NAS is the part of the measured spectrum that the calculated model uses for prediction. The main equation that is needed to estimated figures of merit is 15,20,21 :…”

“…Where Sis the matrix of sensitivities collected for all other solutes, s k is the sensitivity vector of the analyte, and s k * is the spectrum of pure analytek measured at unite concentration (sensitivity factor). Sensitivity (SEN) value of analytek is the norm (║║) of the net sensitivity vector, it was defined as the amount of net signal that, in prediction, corresponds to a concentration equal to unity 21 :…”

“…SEL values are extended from zero (high overlap with other interferences) to unity (no overlap with other sample components). High values of SEN are an indication of high method accuracy for that analyte 15,20,21 :…”

Differential sensing for the regio- and stereoselective identification and quantitation of glycerides

“…In the literature, there are numerous examples of multivariate standard addition procedures (62)(63)(64)(65)(66)(67), usually dealing with spectral or electrochemical data obtained from complex sample mixtures. For our purposes, we chose to follow the mathematical procedure developed by Hemmateenejad and Yousefinejad, called SANAS, due to its simplicity and accuracy (68).…”

Paracetamol Sensor Based on Molecular Imprinting by Photosensitive Polymers

“…Thus, a simple, fast, sensitive, and accurate analytical method for determining paracetamol in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma is needed. A variety of methods have been used for determining paracetamol in pharmaceutical tablets and biological fluids, e.g., spectrophotometry 6,7, liquid chromatography 8, chemiluminescence 9, and electrochemical techniques 10–15. To date, electrochemical techniques have been widely explored for paracetamol detection, which have the advantages of high sensitivity, less time‐consuming and low costs over other analytical methods 16.…”