Simultaneous Size and ζ-Potential Measurements of Individual Nanoparticles in Dispersion Using Size-Tunable Pore Sensors

Kozak, Darby; Anderson, Will; Vogel, Robert; Chen, Shaun; Antaw, Fiach; Trau, Matt

doi:10.1021/nn3020322

Cited by 190 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, as v P is dependent on v F and v E , characterizing and controlling the magnitude of these components is critical to using pore sensors to measure the ¦-potential of particles. 13 In conclusion, it was shown that particle velocity could be controlled by tuning the pore dimensions of a conical elastic pore sensor via stretching the pore membrane. Stretching the membrane resulted in an increase in the fluid velocity component, but it did not affect the electrokinetic component acting on particles in the pore.…”

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confidence: 91%

Tuning Particle Velocity and Measurement Sensitivity by Changing Pore Sensor Dimensions

2012

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Tuning the size of an elastic pore sensor enables the control of both the measurement sensitivity and particle velocity through the pore. Increasing the pore size by stretching the pore membrane reduced the magnitude of the resistive pulse signal generated by 330 nm polystyrene particles by 24% while simultaneously increasing their velocity through the pore, as shown by the 68% shorter pulse durations. These effects are due to the reduced excluded particle volume and increased fluid velocity through the larger pore, respectively.The ability to measure individual particles, molecules, or DNA base pairs has generated considerable interest in pore sensors that measure dispersion properties using the Coulter principle.1 These sensors have been used to measure the concentration, size, 2 and ¦-potential, 3 and even to infer information about the conductivity 4 of objects in a dispersion. Compared to traditional fixed-pore sensors, new size-tunable elastic pore sensors have the advantage of increasing analysis size range, measurement sensitivity, and even selective gating of particles by tuning the pore dimensions to a particulate system. 5 As demonstrated in this paper, tuning the pore dimensions also controls the electrokinetic and fluidic forces that act to drive particles through the pore. Understanding this relationship is critical to pore sensor design and accurate particle analysis.Objects traversing a pore sensor, which in simple terms consists of two electrolyte chambers separated by a membrane with a hole, give rise to an increased resistance through the pore that is proportional to the excluded volume of the particle. 2,6 Typically recorded as a change in ionic current-in-time (i t ), theses brief "pulses" contain information on particle size (pulse magnitude, ¦i max ) and velocity (pulse duration, measured here at the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the pulse signal). The collation of hundreds to thousands of pulses, which can often be achieved over a short analysis duration (i.e., on the order of seconds; inset of Figure 1), enables not only particleby-particle characterization but also analysis of the overall distribution of the suspension. The key to extracting this information from the generated pulse signals are knowledge of the pore dimensions and appropriate theoretical models.The dimensions of elastic pore sensors are dependent on the pore puncturing process and the applied membrane stretch. Typically, these pores are conical and have the characteristic geometric terms A, B, and L, which correspond to the small and large pore opening diameters and the pore length, respectively. Stretching or relaxing the elastic membrane enables the dimensions to be altered or "tuned." The dimensions of the pore used in this study were measured, at 2 mm stretch increments going from 44 to 52 mm (Table 1), according to our previously described methodology.8 Stretching the membrane was found to increase A and B from 0.80 to 1.69¯m and from 33 to 58¯m, respectively, and to decrease L from 230 to 169¯m.As shown in ...

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confidence: 91%

Tuning Particle Velocity and Measurement Sensitivity by Changing Pore Sensor Dimensions

2012

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“…A relatively recent technology to be developed for the characterisation of nanoparticles is based upon tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] . TRPS is based on polyurethane elastomeric membranes in which the pore geometry can be altered in real time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The zeta potential of each particle can then be obtained from the measured electrophoretic mobility using the Smoluchowski approximation 44,57 . The calculated zeta potential only depends on the measured pulse duration and is independent of the magnitude of the pulse, meaning that simultaneous size and charge measurements can easily and reliably be carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle-by-Particle Charge Analysis of DNA-Modified Nanoparticles Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing

2016

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Resistive pulse sensors, RPS, are allowing the transport mechanism of molecules, proteins and even nanoparticles to be characterised as they traverse pores. Previous work using RPS has shown that the size, concentration and zeta potential of the analyte can be measured. Here we use tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) which utilises a tunable pore to monitor the translocation times of nanoparticles with DNA modified surfaces. We start by demonstrating that the translocation times of particles can be used to infer the zeta potential of known standards and then apply the method to measure the change in zeta potential of DNA modified particles. By measuring the translocation times of DNA modified nanoparticles as a function of packing density, length, structure, and hybridisation time, we observe a clear difference in zeta potential using both mean values, and population distributions as a function of the DNA structure. We demonstrate the ability to resolve the signals for ssDNA, dsDNA, small changes in base length for nucleotides between 15-40 bases long and even the discrimination between partial and fully complementary target sequences. Such a method has potential and applications in sensors for the monitoring of nanoparticles in both medical and environmental samples.

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“…Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] is a relatively recently-developed nanoparticle characterisation technique. Protocols have been developed for the use of TRPS to measure particle concentrations [7,8], size distributions [9] and charge [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protocols have been developed for the use of TRPS to measure particle concentrations [7,8], size distributions [9] and charge [10,11]. TRPS is based on the Coulter principle, so that individual particles are detected while in aqueous suspension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration of colloidal sub-micron particles using tunable resistive pulse sensing

Bogomolny

Willmott

Beal

et al. 2017

IJNT

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Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) has been implemented alongside dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterise a particle size distribution between 400 nm and 1 µm effective diameter. The carboxylate polystyrene particles studied were synthesised by dispersion polymerisation, and overall the data suggest that there are two modal peaks in the distribution. TRPS data indicated that the primary mode was near 630 nm, with a lesser peak near 830 nm. Two pores of different sizes were used for TRPS, and the lower size measurement threshold was apparent for both pores. High throughput particle-by-particle size measurement techniques such as TRPS are of interest for measuring synthetic particles, with potential roles including quality control and compliance, in addition to fundamental studies.

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Simultaneous Size and ζ-Potential Measurements of Individual Nanoparticles in Dispersion Using Size-Tunable Pore Sensors

Cited by 190 publications

References 30 publications

Tuning Particle Velocity and Measurement Sensitivity by Changing Pore Sensor Dimensions

Tuning Particle Velocity and Measurement Sensitivity by Changing Pore Sensor Dimensions

Particle-by-Particle Charge Analysis of DNA-Modified Nanoparticles Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing

Enumeration of colloidal sub-micron particles using tunable resistive pulse sensing

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