Simultaneous Sampling of Vapor and Particle-Phase Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Functionalized Glass Fiber Filters

Paolini, Valerio; Guerriero, Ettore; Bacaloni, Alessandro; Rotatori, Mauro; Benedetti, P.; Mosca, Silvia

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2015.07.0476

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Table S3 depicts the distribution of PAHs between gas and particulate phases in Asian countries including Japan, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Cambodia. As indicated by previous researchers (Yamasaki et al, 1982;Lighty et al, 2000;Cheruiyot et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Paolini et al, 2016;Pongpiachan et al, 2016), lower molecular weight species partition more in gas phase, whereas higher molecular weight species distribute more in particulate phase, depending on their vapor pressure. For example, phenanthrene (threering species) was predominantly present in gas phase with percent particulate ranging from 1% to 15% (Table S3 and Fig.…”

Section: Analytical Processmentioning

confidence: 58%

Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric PAHs in Five Asian Megacities and Source Detection Using Suitable Biomarkers

Saha

Maharana

Kurumisawa

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The most prevalent pollutant, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is now plenteously distributed in the global atmosphere. We recently quantified 36 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with aerosols (particulate matter: PM) in five Asian cities: Tokyo (Japan), Beijing (China), Kolkata (India), Hanoi (Vietnam), and Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Average atmospheric PAH concentrations (∑12 PAHs-ng m -3 ) increased in the order of Kuala Lumpur (2.99) ≈ Tokyo (3.95) < Hanoi (7.99) << Kolkata (63.5) << Beijing (142.8). The most abundant PAHs in PM samples in these cities were chrysene, benz [a]anthracene, benzofluoranthenes, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[e]pyrene. We used the PAH compositions, especially the relative abundances of alkylated PAHs, and hopanes to determine vehicle exhaust-derived PAHs, and levoglucosan as a tracer for biomass burning, especially from wood combustion. Vehicle exhaust contributed to atmospheric PAHs in all cities, indicated by higher ratios of (C 30 17α)/total PAHs and MPAHs/PAHs than coal and wood combustion products. Coal combustion contributed also in winter aerosols in Beijing, indicated by higher abundance of β isomers i.e., 17β21β (H)-C 30 hopane (C 30 17β) and 17β21β (H)-C 29 hopane (C 29 17β) signifying mass use of coal for heating. The ratio of levoglucosan/PAHs was high in Kuala Lumpur and Hanoi, suggesting greater inputs of PAHs from biomass burning there.

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Section: Analytical Processmentioning

confidence: 58%

Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric PAHs in Five Asian Megacities and Source Detection Using Suitable Biomarkers

Saha

Maharana

Kurumisawa

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…5b. However, at the high OA concentrations typical of biomass-burning smoke, considerable fractions of both catechol and hydroquinone -and by extension IVOCs in general -can partition to the particle phase in fresh emissions (Robinson et al, 2007). Therefore, single-phase measurements of such compounds in fresh/undiluted smoke may underestimate the total emissions by up to a factor of 2 and with significantly different potential errors across the I/SVOC volatility range as illustrated using the two isomers (Fig.…”

Section: Catechol Hydroquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. As smoke dilutes in the atmosphere, a considerable fraction of OA is expected to volatilize (Bian et al, 2017;Donahue et al, 2006;Grieshop et al, 2009b;Robinson et al, 2007). Figure 6b shows the predicted gas-particle partitioning following a theoretical 100-fold evaporation of rotten-log smoke POA (∼ 4400 to 44 µg m −3 ) and demonstrates that approximately 40 % of the particle-phase I/SVOCs would evap-orate following such perturbation (ignoring potential OA activity effects).…”

Section: Volatility Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of I/SVOCs in biomass-burning smoke using solid-phase extraction disks and two-dimensional gas chromatography

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Biomass-burning organic-aerosol (OA) emissions are known to exhibit semi-volatile behavior that impacts OA loading during plume transport. Because such semi-volatile behavior depends in part on OA composition, improved speciation of intermediate and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) emitted during fires is needed to assess the competing effects of primary OA volatilization and secondary OA production. In this study, 18 laboratory fires were sampled in which a range of fuel types were burned. Emitted I/SVOCs were collected onto Teflon filters and solid-phase extraction (SPE) disks to qualitatively characterize particulate and gaseous I/SVOCs, respectively. Derivatized filter extracts were analyzed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). Quality control tests were performed using biomass-burning relevant standards and demonstrate the utility of SPE disks for untargeted analysis of air samples. The observed chromatographic profiles of I/SVOCs in coniferous fuel-derived smoke samples were well correlated with each other, but poorly correlated with other fuel types (e.g., herbaceous and chaparral fuels). Emissions of benzenediol isomers were also shown to be fuel dependent. The combined Teflon and SPE filter data captured differences in gas-particle partitioning of the benzenediol isomers, with hydroquinone having a significantly higher particle-phase fraction than catechol due to its lower volatility. Additionally, the speciated volatility distribution of I/SVOCs in smoke from a rotten-log fire was estimated to evaluate the composition of potentially volatilized primary OA, which was entirely attributed to oxygenated (or other heteroatomic) compounds. The isomer-dependent partitioning and the speciated volatility distributions both suggest the need for better understanding of gas-phase and heterogenous reaction pathways of biomass-burning-derived I/SVOCs in order to represent the atmospheric chemistry of smoke in models.

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“…The use of PUF is meaningful because, for example, for benzo[a]pyrene, the vapor fraction can represent a significant amount of its total concentration. PUF is an efficient sorbent due to its relatively high capacity, low cost and low impedance (Paolini et al, 2016). The correctness of the results from the DLPI was compared in this study with the results from a cyclone (Tecora) that was simultaneously used in parallel to determine the PM concentration and mass-size distribution.…”

Section: Test Set-up and Emission Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of PAH Emission Sampling Methods (Cyclone, Impactor) in Particulate and Gaseous Phase

Horák

Kuboňová

Krpec

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Four different domestic heating boilers and four types of fuel (lignite, wet wood, wood pellets and mixed fuel) were tested, and the emissions of the particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were correlated. Dekati low-pressure impactor (DLPI, Dekati) sorting of the PM fractions into PM 0.1 , PM 1 , PM 2.5 and PM 10 was used to determine the emission factors of the PAHs in a dilution tunnel via isokinetic sampling and was compared with a cyclone (Tecora). The 4 PAHs were mostly detected on the fine particles of PM 1 in the DLPI and on the fine particles of PM 2.5 in the cyclone, and in some cases, they were mainly detected in polyurethane foam (PUF) used for the collection of the gas phase placed behind the DLPI and cyclone. The effectiveness of DLPI sampling was generally comparable or lower than the cyclone sampling of the range 0.01-1.33 mg kg -1 .

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Simultaneous Sampling of Vapor and Particle-Phase Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Functionalized Glass Fiber Filters

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric PAHs in Five Asian Megacities and Source Detection Using Suitable Biomarkers

Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric PAHs in Five Asian Megacities and Source Detection Using Suitable Biomarkers

Measurements of I/SVOCs in biomass-burning smoke using solid-phase extraction disks and two-dimensional gas chromatography

A Comparison of PAH Emission Sampling Methods (Cyclone, Impactor) in Particulate and Gaseous Phase

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