Simultaneous removal of toxic ammonia and lettuce cultivation in aquaponic system using microwave pyrolysis biochar

Su, Man Huan; Azwar, Elfina; Yang, Yafeng; Sonne, Christian; Yek, Peter Nai Yuh; Liew, Rock Keey; Cheng, Chin Kui; Show, Pau Loke; Lam, Su Shiung

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122610

Cited by 90 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…There are plenty of adsorbents in laboratory and commercial use, some being carbon (Cesano et al, 2019), activated carbon (Rodriguez-Reinoso and Ramirez, 2013), silica gel (McKay et al, 1980), zeolites (Liu et al, 2014), and activated alumina (Wasti and Ali Awan, 2016). A few other examples are as follows-bone char (Ko et al, 2005), agricultural residues/by-products, such as:woodmeal (Rosas et al, 2014;Litefti et al, 2019), nutshells (Torres-Pérez et al, 2015), palm kernel shell (Su et al, 2020), bagasse (Valix et al, 2004), rice straw (Hameed and El-Khaiary, 2008), fruit stones (Lam et al, 2018a), maize cob (Müller-Hagedorn and Bockhorn, 2007), mushroom waste (Lam et al, 2018b), inorganic minerals, such as, montmorillonite (Fil et al, 2012), halloysite (Yuan et al, 2015), layered double hydroxides bentonite (Mockovčiaková and Orolínová, 2009), Fuller's Earth (Subba Reddy et al, 2018), and clays (Lee and Tiwari, 2012); natural materials, including peat (Sepulveda et al, 2008), lignite (Choy et al, 2005), seafood waste-derived chitosan (Alyasi et al, 2020), and chitin (Ilnicka and Lukaszewicz, 2015). These materials have been used for cleaning up polluted water; plastic wastes and biomass gasification residues to chars and activated carbon are also attracting a lot of attention (Bazargan et al, 2013;Benedetti et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Char Products From Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis and Acid Activation

Parthasarathy¹,

Mackey²,

Mariyam³

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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Bamboo is found worldwide but is especially concentrated in tropical and subtropical areas with the major producing nations being China, Indonesia and Thailand with an annual production of 12 million tonnes. It has found uses in many applications such as: furniture, flooring, roofing, fencing, interior design and scaffolding in the construction industry. In this study, discarded waste bamboo furniture was used in the ground form as the raw material feedstock for the production of a series of biochars and activated carbons. The biochars were produced at different temperatures, namely, 723, 823, 923, 1,023, 1,123 and 1223 K, in a muffle furnace inerted with nitrogen and for different pyrolysis times. The product chars yields were 20–30% by weight of the raw material, surface areas were 100–350 m2/g. Other tests include elemental analysis, helium displacement density, pH, ICP-AES on a leachate sample. Four of the different temperature samples of biochar were used to adsorb the basic dye methylene blue and were shown to possess high adsorption capacities. Then, the same bamboo raw material powder was treated with acid and pyrolysed/activated in a nitrogen atmosphere at the same range of temperatures to produce activated carbons; these were characterized using similar test methods to the biochars. The yields are in the range 20–40% by weight of the raw material feedstock and the BET surface areas are in the range 200–600 m2/g. Three of the different temperature activated carbons were used to adsorb methylene blue and the results were compared with the biochar results. All the adsorption experimental isotherm results were analyzed using conventional isotherm equations. The benefits and cost implications of both biochar and activated carbon routes are discussed. The methylene blue adsorption capacities are extremely attractive in the range 0.42–1.12 mmol/g (150–300 mg/g char product) and extend to over 2.35 mmol/g (700 mg/g) for the bamboo derived activated carbons. The micropore and mesopore volumes have been determined under the various char and activated carbon experimental conditions and coupled with the surface areas; these results have been used to explain the trends in the methylene blue adsorption capacities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Char Products From Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis and Acid Activation

Parthasarathy¹,

Mackey²,

Mariyam³

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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“…Aquaponics and similar waste-assimilating UA systems exploit the joint ability of plants and microbiota to remove or degrade nutrients from growing media ( Su et al, 2020 ). In the case of aquaponics, wastewater from an aquaculture system is used as a nutrient solution for plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing chemical and biological risks in urban agriculture: A comprehensive framework for a food safety assessment of city region food systems

et al. 2021

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Attention to urban agriculture (UA) has recently grown among practitioners, scientists, and the public, resulting in several initiatives worldwide. Despite the positive perception of modern UA and locally grown, fresh produce, the potential food safety risks connected to these practices may be underestimated, leading to regulatory gaps. Thus, there is a need for assessment tools to evaluate the food safety risks connected to specific UA initiatives, to assist practitioners in self-evaluation and control, and to provide policy makers and scholars a means to pursue and assess food safety in city regions, avoiding either a lack or an excess of regulation that could ultimately hinder the sector. To address this aim, this paper reviews the most recent and relevant literature on UA food safety assessments. Food safety indicators were identified first. Then, a food safety assessment framework for UA initiatives was developed. The framework uses business surveys and food analyses (if available) as a data source for calculating a food safety index for single UA businesses and the whole UA landscape of a given city region. The proposed framework was designed to allow its integration into the CRFS (City Region Food System) toolkit developed by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), RUAF foundation (Resource Centres on Urban Agriculture and Food Security) and Wilfrid Laurier University.

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“…Interestingly, the chances could be increased to over 90% if either the price of feedstock is discounted by half, or the price of electricity or biochar is doubled. In fact, the price of biochar could be varied according to its used in different applications such as heterogeneous catalysis (Balajii and Niju 2019;Foong et al 2020b), agriculture (Lam et al 2019;Wan Mahari et al 2020), wastewater remediation (Cai et al 2020;Klasson et al 2013), aquaponics (Su et al 2020), and synthesis of activated carbon (Heidarinejad et al 2020;Liew et al 2018a).…”

Section: Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

et al. 2021

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Dwindling fossil fuels and improper waste management are major challenges in the context of increasing population and industrialization, calling for new waste-to-energy sources. For instance, refuse-derived fuels can be produced from transformation of municipal solid waste, which is forecasted to reach 2.6 billion metric tonnes in 2030. Gasification is a thermalinduced chemical reaction that produces gaseous fuel such as hydrogen and syngas. Here, we review refuse-derived fuel gasification with focus on practices in various countries, recent progress in gasification, gasification modelling and economic analysis. We found that some countries that replace coal by refuse-derived fuel reduce CO 2 emission by 40%, and decrease the amount municipal solid waste being sent to landfill by more than 50%. The production cost of energy via refuse-derived fuel gasification is estimated at 0.05 USD/kWh. Co-gasification by using two feedstocks appears more beneficial over conventional gasification in terms of minimum tar formation and improved process efficiency.

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Simultaneous removal of toxic ammonia and lettuce cultivation in aquaponic system using microwave pyrolysis biochar

Cited by 90 publications

References 45 publications

Char Products From Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis and Acid Activation

Char Products From Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis and Acid Activation

Reviewing chemical and biological risks in urban agriculture: A comprehensive framework for a food safety assessment of city region food systems

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

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