Simultaneous removal of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and refractory organics through sequential heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process and struvite precipitation: kinetic study

Maharaja, P.; Gokul, E.; Prabhakaran, N. K.; Murugan, Kasi; Karthikeyan, S.; Boopathy, R.; Swarnalatha, S.; Sekaran, G.

doi:10.1039/c5ra20492e

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Additionally, some inorganic ions like chlorides, carbonates, bicarbonates, and bromides present or generated in degrading organic matter may alter the rate of reaction [15]. Similar experiments were performed by Maharaj et al [7] with synthetic wastewater and observed a maximum COD reduction of 70% at the reaction time of 360 min. Studies were conducted by Perica et al [16] on heterogeneous Fenton in the removal of COD and observed 75% COD removal at 400 min.…”

Section: Fenton Processsupporting

confidence: 58%

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

lavudya

vodnala

Dheeravath

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Landfill leachate contains organic, inorganic compounds, heavy metals, ammonia, and xenobiotic compounds which are considered unsafe for discharging into surface water which requires to be treated before its discharge into the water. In this paper, preliminary studies are reported on the application of Fenton, Struvite, and Electrooxidation processes for the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and ammonia from landfill leachate. Various operational parameters like pH, dosage, reaction time, and applied voltage were optimized in laboratory batch experiments and evaluated for removal of COD and ammonia. Results demonstrated that the Fenton process could effectively remove COD and ammonia by 75% and 23% respectively at 210 min for Fe+2:H2O2: 1:5 at a fixed pH 3. The Struvite process has been effective in the removal of ammonia by 74% at pH 9 with the dosage of Mg+2:PO43-:NH4+ at 1:1:1 ratio. Results from Electrooxidation for COD and ammonia were observed as 58.25% and 44% respectively at the applied voltage 8 V for a reaction time of 60 min. The efficiency of treatment processes was also evaluated in Sequential processes for COD and ammonia i.e., Sequence-I (Fenton-Electrooxidation-Struvite) and Sequence-II (Fenton-Struvite) at pre-optimized conditions. The sequential processes have been depicted, the removal efficiencies of COD and ammonia of 89% and 82% by Sequence-I; 76.77%, and 77% by Sequence-II respectively. The present study demonstrates that Fenton followed by Electrooxidation and Struvite is an effective treatment process that can enhance the treatment of landfill leachate.

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Section: Fenton Processsupporting

confidence: 58%

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

lavudya

vodnala

Dheeravath

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Pre-carbonization and subsequent chemical activation were followed for the preparation nanoporous activated carbon from the raw material, rice husk as detailed by our earlier research work [32][33][34][35]. The functionalization of NPAC was performed with the addition of ethylenediamine to produce amine-modified matrix.…”

Section: Modified Nanoporous Activated Carbon (M-npac) Preparation Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of nanoporous activated carbon are presented in the supplementary materials 1.1. and the significance of the parameters were discussed in our earlier studies [32][33][34][35]. The effect of time for the immobilisation of amylase was determined by validating the minimum amylase concentration obtained in the medium after the reaction between saline tolerant amylase and m-NPAC.…”

Section: Optimization Studies For Immobilisation Of Amylase Onto M-npacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weight loss at 150.20°C and 153.8°C are due to the movement of water molecules and hydrated organic molecules held on m-NPAC and Am-NPAC. The weight lossess at 432.24°C and 446.1°C are due to the liberation of ammoniacal nitrogen based organic compounds held on m-NPAC and Am-NPAC [34]. The movement of amine compounds from m-NPAC and Am-NPAC may be originated from ethylene diamine and glutaraldehyde which were added during the functionalization of NPAC and thereof for the immobilisation of amylaseto produce Am-NPAC.…”

Section: Optimization Studies For Immobilisation Of Amylase Onto M-npacmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal of glycosaminoglycans present in tannery saline soak wastewater using integrated biological reactor and amylase immobilised reactor

Maharaja¹,

Priyadharshini²,

Akshaya³

et al. 2019

DWT

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The present investigation offers the scope for the elimination of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the amino sugars, present in tannery saline wastewater (also known as soak liquor) generated during the soaking of raw materials for the removal of common salt. The extracted salt tolerant amylase from Providencia Rettgerri sp., had very high amylase activity, 1320 U/ml. The modified NPAC(m-NPAC) was effectively produced by covalent incorporation method using ethylenediamine/glutaraldehyde for the immobilisation of amylase. The salt tolerant amylase immobilised nanoporous activated carbon (Am-NPAC) was used for the elimination of GAGs from soak liquor having chlorides of 4-5% (w/v). Various factors such as time, 120 min; pH, 6; temperature, 30°C; amylase concentration, 250 Units/g of m-NPAC and salinity, 3-5% of the medium that favour the maximum immobilisation of amylase onto m-NPAC were optimized. The instrumental techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA-DSC, SEM and XRD analyses have confirmed the immobilisation of amylase. The optimum conditions such as time, 1 h; pH, 6; and temperature, 40°C for the elimination of GAGs from soak liquor were investigated. The amylase immobilised nanoporous carbon matrix (Am-NPAC) was very effective for the cleavage of GAGs into glucuronic acid and glucosamine bio-molecules. The removal of GAGs was confirmed through FT-IR, UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopies.

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“…1 Although a variety of physical, 2 chemical, [3][4][5] and biological treatment methods [6][7][8] have been applied for the removal of nutrients, it is desirable to develop a cost-effective method for nutrient removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of nutrients from wastewater by a MgCl₂ modified zeolite and their reuse as an amendment for Cu and Pb immobilization in soil

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

RSC Adv.

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In this study, nutrients in wastewater were simultaneously removed by magnesium modified zeolite, and the precipitates of the nutrient recovery process were applied as a kind of amendment to achieve copper and lead immobilization in contaminated soil. Mg 2+ released from MgCl 2 modified zeolite (Zeo-Mg) in the nutrient recovery process was considered as the magnesium source for struvite crystallization. The optimal efficiencies of nutrient recovery using Zeo-Mg were obtained at pH 9. When the dosage and reaction time were separately controlled at 10 g L À1 and 180 min, the ammonia nitrogen (AN) and phosphate removal efficiencies reached 61.22% and 94.73%, respectively. The high simultaneous nutrient removal efficiencies were attributed to cooperation of Zeo-Mg adsorption and struvite formation. The recovery precipitates, zeolite and MAP (Zeo/MAP), were evidenced as a suitable amendment for both Cu and lead immobilization in soil. At a dosage of 5 g amendment per 50 g soil, the available concentrations of Cu and Pb separately reduced to 278.88 mg kg À1 and 168.36 mg kg À1 under 21 day treatment. On further increase in immobilization time, the available concentrations of Cu and Pb reached a relatively steady state. The acid soluble species of Cu and Pb transformed to more inert reducible and residual species and showed that Cu and Pb were successfully immobilized by Zeo/MAP. According to the experiments and characterization results, zeolite adsorption and phosphate formation were the major immobilization mechanisms of Cu and Pb in contaminated soil.

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Simultaneous removal of NH₄⁺-N and refractory organics through sequential heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process and struvite precipitation: kinetic study

Abstract: Graphical representation of integrated HFO and MAP processes.

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

Removal of glycosaminoglycans present in tannery saline soak wastewater using integrated biological reactor and amylase immobilised reactor

Recovery of nutrients from wastewater by a MgCl₂ modified zeolite and their reuse as an amendment for Cu and Pb immobilization in soil

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Simultaneous removal of NH4+-N and refractory organics through sequential heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process and struvite precipitation: kinetic study

Abstract: Graphical representation of integrated HFO and MAP processes.

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

Sequential Treatment of Landfill Leachate By Advanced Oxidation Processes and Struvite Precipitation

Removal of glycosaminoglycans present in tannery saline soak wastewater using integrated biological reactor and amylase immobilised reactor

Recovery of nutrients from wastewater by a MgCl2 modified zeolite and their reuse as an amendment for Cu and Pb immobilization in soil

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Product

Resources

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Simultaneous removal of NH₄⁺-N and refractory organics through sequential heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process and struvite precipitation: kinetic study

Recovery of nutrients from wastewater by a MgCl₂ modified zeolite and their reuse as an amendment for Cu and Pb immobilization in soil