Simultaneous recovery of bacteria and viruses from contaminated water and spinach by a filtration method

Brassard, Julie; Guévremont, Èvelyne; Gagné, Marie-Josée; Lamoureux, Lisyanne

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.015

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…During the winter season, some environmental samples were composed of ice and/or snow, which changed the methodological approach for a total of 30 samples. After thawing, residual water samples were inoculated with the internal control and treated with a previously described filtration method (51). After double filtration with 0.45-and 0.22-m-pore-size filters, the samples were submitted to ultrafiltration by centrifugation at 5,000 ϫ g on Amicon columns (Fisher Scientific, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) until a final volume of 250 l was obtained and then frozen at Ϫ70°C if not used immediately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Virus Distribution in a Defined Swine Production Network Using Enteric Viruses as Molecular Markers

Lachapelle

Letellier

Fravalo

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Modern swine production systems represent complex and dynamic networks involving numerous stakeholders. For instance, livestock transporters carry live animals between fattening sites, abattoirs, and other premises on a daily basis. This interconnected system may increase the risk of microbial spread within and between networks, although little information is available in that regard. In the present study, a swine network composed of 10 finishing farms, one abattoir, and three types of stakeholders (veterinarians, livestock transporters, and nutritional technicians) in Quebec, Canada, was selected to investigate specific vectors and reservoirs of enteric viruses. Environmental samples were collected from the premises over a 12-month period. Samples were screened using targeted reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing of two selected viral markers, group A rotaviruses (RVA) and porcine astroviruses (PoAstV), both prevalent and genetically heterogeneous swine enteric viruses. The results revealed frequent contamination of farm sites (21.4 to 100%), livestock transporter vehicles (30.6 to 68.8%) and, most importantly, the abattoir yard (46.7 to 94.1%), depending on the sample types. Although high levels of strain diversity for both viruses were found, identical PoAstV and RVA strains were detected in specific samples from farms, the abattoir yard, and the livestock transporter vehicle, suggesting interconnections between these premises and transporters. Overall, the results from this study underscore the potential role of abattoirs and livestock transport as a reservoir and transmission route for enteric viruses within and between animal production networks, respectively. IMPORTANCE Using rotaviruses and astroviruses as markers of enteric contamination in a swine network has revealed the potential role of abattoirs and livestock transporters as a reservoir and vectors of enteric pathogens. The results from this study highlight the importance of tightening biosecurity measures. For instance, implementing sanitary vacancy between animal batches and emphasizing washing, disinfection, and drying procedures on farms and for transportation vehicles, as well as giving limited access and circulation of vehicles throughout the production premises, are some examples of measures that should be applied properly. The results also emphasize the need to closely monitor the dynamics of enteric contamination in the swine industry in order to better understand and potentially prevent the spread of infectious diseases. This is especially relevant when a virulent and economically damaging agent is involved, as seen with the recent introduction of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the country.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Virus Distribution in a Defined Swine Production Network Using Enteric Viruses as Molecular Markers

Lachapelle

Letellier

Fravalo

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…There are few studies that directly assess rotavirus presence in foods; o f these, most refer to rotavirus detection in shellfish and few refer to rotavirus detection in vegetables and other foods (6,32,40,43,61). Due to the high rates o f morbidity and mortality caused by rotavirus infections, these have becom e a concern worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group A o f the Rotavirus genus (subfamily Sedoreovirinae, family Reoviridae) has the greatest clinical relevance and contains the best-described viruses o f this genus. Enteric viruses are prevalent in the environment due to a variety o f causes, but mainly to human fecal contamination; when viral particles in feces o f affected individuals are dumped into the environment, they may reach shallow waters and become a sanitary hazard (53,59).There are few studies that directly assess rotavirus presence in foods; o f these, most refer to rotavirus detection in shellfish and few refer to rotavirus detection in vegetables and other foods (6,32,40,43,61). Due to the high rates o f morbidity and mortality caused by rotavirus infections, these have becom e a concern worldwide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus G2P[4] Detection in Fresh Vegetables and Oysters in Mexico City

Quiroz-Santiago

Vázquez-Salinas

Natividad-Bonifacio

et al. 2014

Journal of Food Protection

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Rotaviruses are the principal cause of dehydration caused by diarrhea in children younger than 2 years of age. Although these viral infections have mainly been associated with ingestion of fecally contaminated food and water, few studies have addressed the presence of the virus in food that is consumed raw or slightly cooked. In this work, 30 oyster samples and 33 vegetable samples were examined for the presence of rotavirus genotypes to evaluate their potential to produce gastrointestinal infections. The rotaviruses were identified by reverse transcriptase PCR amplification of the VP7 gene. G and P genotyping was also performed by reverse transcriptase PCR, with a detection sensitivity of up to 15 PFU/ml. Rotaviruses were found in 17 (26.9%) of 63 samples (10 oysters and 7 vegetables). The G2 genotype was found in 11 (64.7%) of 17 of the rotavirus strains, and 16 (94.1%) of 17 had the P[4] genotype. The combined genotypes found most frequently were G2P[4] (10 [58.82%] of 17), GNTP[4] (6 [35.29%] of 17), and G2P[NT] (1 [5.8%] of 17).

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“…Fresh produce consumed raw or minimally processed, such as fruits and vegetables, provide an ideal route for the transmission of certain enteric pathogenic bacteria including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Listeria monocytogenes (Beuchat, 2002;Islam et al, 2004;Berger et al, 2010;Newell et al, 2010;Brassard, Guévremont, Gagné & Lamoureux, 2011). Primary sources of pre-harvest contamination include soil-improvement with untreated or improperly composted manure and contaminated irrigation water (Buck, Walcott & Beuchat, 2003;Islam et al, 2004;Berger et al, 2010;McLaughlin, Casey, Cotter, Gahan & Hill, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Food-borne Pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes) and a Common Soil Flagellate (Cercomonas sp.)

Bui¹,

Wolff²,

Madsen³

et al. 2012

JFR

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Free-living protozoa may harbor, protect, and disperse bacteria, including those ingested and passed in viable form in feces. The flagellates are very important predators on bacteria in soil, but their role in the survival of food-borne pathogens associated with fruits and vegetables is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the interactions between a common soil flagellate, Cercomonas sp., and three different bacterial pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes). Rapid growth of flagellates was observed in co-culture with C. jejuni and S. Typhimurium over the time course of 15 days. In contrast, the number of Cercomonas sp. cells decreased when grown with or without L. monocytogenes for 9 days of co-culture. Interestingly, we observed that C. jejuni and S. Typhimurium survived better when co-cultured with flagellates than when cultured alone. The results of this study suggest that Cercomonas sp. and perhaps other soil flagellates may play a role for the survival of food-borne pathogens on plant surfaces and in soil.

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Simultaneous recovery of bacteria and viruses from contaminated water and spinach by a filtration method

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Dynamics of Virus Distribution in a Defined Swine Production Network Using Enteric Viruses as Molecular Markers

Dynamics of Virus Distribution in a Defined Swine Production Network Using Enteric Viruses as Molecular Markers

Rotavirus G2P[4] Detection in Fresh Vegetables and Oysters in Mexico City

Interaction between Food-borne Pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes) and a Common Soil Flagellate (Cercomonas sp.)

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