Simultaneous Recording of ICG and ECG Using Z-RPI Device with Minimum Number of Electrodes

Abstract

Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a noninvasive method for monitoring mechanical function of the heart with the use of electrical bioimpedance measurements. This paper presents the feasibility of recording an ICG signal simultaneously with electrocardiogram signal (ECG) using the same electrodes for both measurements, for a total of five electrodes rather than eight electrodes. The device used is the Z-RPI. The results present good performance and show waveforms presenting high similarity with the different signals reported using different electrodes for acquisition; the heart rate values were calculated and they present accurate evaluation between the ECG and ICG heart rates. The hemodynamics and cardiac parameter results present similitude with the physiological parameters for healthy people reported in the literature. The possibility of reducing number of electrodes used for ICG measurement is an encouraging step to enabling wearable and personal health monitoring solutions.

Non-Standard Electrode Placement Strategies for ECG Signal Acquisition

“…The proposed solutions are typically based on the classical spot-electrode arrangement based approach [ 19 ]), which covers the full thorax, such as in [ 51 ]. Concerning more heavily modified EPCs, only a single thoracic area based approach can be found, reported by Hafid et al [ 13 ]. Concerning the wrist, proposals exist in granted patents, e.g., of Apple Inc. (Cupertino, CA, USA) [ 52 ], where the acquisition of the signals of ICG and ECG, along with other sensor-fusion-based sensorics, have been proposed.…”

“…For picking up the signal of impedance for extracting the impedance cardiogram, a variety of electrode placement strategies (EPC) have been shown to give promising results [ 12 ]. The design of a wearable device, where the sensors co-employ the same locations, is expected to be more compact [ 13 ]. However, trade-offs are needed through applying possibly non-standard locations for different sensors.…”

Cardiovascular diseases diagnosis by impedance cardiography

“…Its waveform has been used for the assessment of certain hemodynamic parameters describing the mechanical function of the heart. These parameters include cardiac output (CO), SV, and systolic time intervals, e.g., left ventricular ejection time (LVET noted also ET), preejection period (PEP), and systolic time ratio (STR) [ 27 ].…”

Study of Electrode Locations for Joint Acquisition of Impedance- and Electro-cardiography Signals

“…The configurations were either following the classical ICG monitoring electrode locations like TEPC-1 [11] (Fig. 3a); or repeating a literature-based proposal of co-monitoring ICG and ECG like TEPC-2 [7] (Fig. 3b); or intuitive TEPC-3 and TEPC-4 (Fig.…”

“…The co-utilization of electrodes for monitoring simultaneously the ICG and ECG have been reported in literature before. For example [7], where the number of electrodes for wearable autonomous measurement device has been reduced to four with the recognizability of hemodynamic feature points in both signals. Or a patented solution for monitoring ICG and ECG with the configuration where the electrodes are shared [8].…”