Simultaneous Quantitation of Free Amino Acids, Nucleosides and Nucleobases in Sipunculus nudus by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

To evaluate the nutritional and functional value of Sipunculus nudus, a rapid, simple and sensitive analytical method was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole mass detection in multiple-reaction monitoring mode for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 25 free amino acids and 16 nucleosides and nucleobases in S. nudus within 20 min, which was confirmed to be reproducible and accurate. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were between 0.003-0.229 μg/mL and 0.008-0.763 μg/mL for the 41 analytes, respectively. The established method was applied to analyze 19 batches of S. nudus samples from four habitats with two different processing methods. The results showed that S. nudus contained a variety of free amino acids, nucleosides and nucleobases in sufficient quantity and reasonable proportion. They also demonstrated that the contents of these compounds in different parts of S. nudus were significantly discriminating, which were in the order: (highest) coelomic fluid > body wall > intestine (lowest). The method is simple and accurate, and could serve as a technical support for establishing quality control of S. nudus and other functional seafoods. Moreover, the research results also laid foundation for further exploitation and development of S. nudus.

Comparison of the Bioactive Components in Two Seeds of Ziziphus Species by Different Analytical Approaches Combined with Chemometrics

“…Amino acids, nucleosides and nucleobases were analyzed on a UPLC-MS/MS system (ACQUITY UPLC, Xevo TQ tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer; Waters Corporation; Milford, MA, United States) with a modified procedure from the reference ( Ge et al, 2016 ). A total of 1.0 g of sample powder (40 mesh) was extracted with 20 mL of water in a cooled ultrasonic bath (40 kHz) for 60 min, followed by centrifugation (15000 × g , 10 min).…”

“…The column eluent was directed to the mass spectrometer with an ESI source. The parameters were set as the reference with a slight modification ( Ge et al, 2016 ), and the selected values of cone voltage and collision energy for each target compound are presented in Supplementary Table S1 . Concentrations of the target compounds were calculated from the peak areas of the sample and the corresponding standards.…”

Comparative analysis of nucleosides, nucleobases, and amino acids in different parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry

“…Chemical standards including thymine (1), thymidine (2), 2 ′ -deoxyuridine (3), 2 ′ -deoxyguanosine (4), guanine (5), cytidine (6), 2 ′ -deoxycytidine (7), cytidine-5 ′ -monophosphate (8), leucine (9), phenylalanine (10), tryptophan (11), γaminobutyric acid (12), methionine (13), proline (14), valine (15), tyrosine (16), alanine (17), hydroxyproline (18), gluta-F I G U R E 2 Chemical structures of the 21 nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids mate (19), glutamine (20), and asparagine (21) were all purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). The purity of each reference compound was over 98% determined by HPLC analysis.…”

Contents variation analysis of free amino acids, nucleosides and nucleobases in semen sojae praeparatum fermentation using UFLC‐QTRAP MS

“…In previous reports, the analysis of FAAs and Ns have been used as indicators to evaluate the quality of some Chinese medicines and foods, such as: Abelmoschus manihot ; Ziziphus plants; Ganoderma lucidum ; Sipunculus nudus ; clam; brown seaweeds; bamboo shoots; and meat (Cao, Duan, Guo, Guo, & Zhao, ; Du et al, ; Elaloui et al, ; Ge et al, ; Szterk, ; Szterk & Roszko, ; Wang et al, ; Xu et al, ; Yang, Zhang, & Li‐Ya, ). However, current methods that test for FAAs and Ns were lacking or non‐existent.…”

“…Abbreviations used: FFA, free amino acid; LOD, limits of detection; LOQ, limits of quantification; Ns, nucleobases; PCA, principal components analysis; RSD, relative standard deviation; SSP, Semen sojae praeparatum; UFLC, ultra-fast liquid chromatography and meat (Cao, Duan, Guo, Guo, & Zhao, 2014;Du et al, 2015;Elaloui et al, 2014;Ge et al, 2016;Szterk, 2015;Szterk & Roszko, 2014;Wang et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2016;Yang, Zhang, & Li-Ya, 2011).…”