Simultaneous quantification of atomoxetine as well as its primary oxidative and O-glucuronide metabolites in human plasma and urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS)

Determination of atomoxetine in human plasma by a high performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection using liquid–liquid extraction

“…Table 3 The accuracy, within-and between-batch precision and recovery data for the measurement of atomoxetine in human plasma All stability results are summarized in Table 4. These results are in agreement with atomoxetine stability in plasma as previously reported by Mullen and co-workers [18].…”

“…Both solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) sample preparation methods have been reported [15,[18][19][20]. The SPE method used polystyrenedivinylbenzene to extract atomoxetine from plasma and urine [18]. For routine clinical analysis, a high-throughput method with SPE carries higher cost than LLE.…”

“…So far, the reported analytical methods for atomoxetine include GC [15], LC-MS [18] HPLC-FL [19], and HPLC-UV [20]. The GC method reported by Farid et al [15] for the quantification of atomoxetine in human plasma and urine used liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and electron-capture detection with a structural analogue as internal standard.…”

“…The GC method reported by Farid et al [15] for the quantification of atomoxetine in human plasma and urine used liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and electron-capture detection with a structural analogue as internal standard. Recently, Mullen et al [18] reported a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) for the determination of atomoxetine and its metabolites (4-hydroxyatomoxetine, N-des-methylatomoxetine, and 4-hydroxyatomoxetine-O-glucuronide) in human plasma and urine, with a stable isotope labeled atomoxetine or/and 4-hydroxyatomoxetine as internal standard. Both methods have proved reliable for pharmacokinetic studies of atomoxetine in humans.…”

A new high performance liquid chromatographic method for quantification of atomoxetine in human plasma and its application for pharmacokinetic study

“…The reported methods for the determination of atomoxetine include expensive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS) or HPLC with liquid scintillation counting (LSC) detection [9][10][11]. No method has been reported so far for determination of atomoxetine using HPLC with UV detection.…”