Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Toddalia asiatica root by using HPLC‐DAD and UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS

Abstract

Introduction Coumarin and alkaloids are the major bioactive constituents of Toddalia asiatica, playing an important role in various biological activities such as anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, anti‐bacterial and anti‐tumour. Objective To establish a method that will simultaneously determine the coumarins and alkaloids compounds in T. asiatica and identify their characteristic fragmentation patterns, while combining fingerprints and chemical identification with chemometrics for discrimination and quality assessment of T. asiatica samples. Methodology Qualitative characterisation of coumarins and alkaloids compounds in the methanol extracts of T. asiatica was determined by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS). Quantitative analysis relies on high‐performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC‐DAD). Results A total of 59 components were characterised by UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS, including 29 coumarin, 25 alkaloids, one phenolic acid and four flavonoids. While the 19 characteristic components out of 23 common peaks in the chromatographic fingerprints of T. asiatica were confirmed. Quantitative analysis of seven major compounds from 18 samples were simultaneously detected by HPLC‐DAD at wavelengths of 280 nm. The samples were classified into three groups by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) combined with principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) which screened out the main chemical markers responsible for the samples differences. Conclusion Fingerprints combined with chemometrics and chemical identification are a simple, rapid and effective method for the quality control of T. asiatica.

Separation of New Coumarin Glycosides from Toddalia asiatica Using Offline Two-Dimensional High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

“…(Rutaceae) (Syn: Toddalia aculeata Pers., Scopolia aculeata Sm., Paullinia asiatica L.), well known as Feilongzhangxue in Chinese and commonly known as orange climber in English, is widely distributed in the east, south, and southeast of Asia, Madagascar, Africa, and the Mascarene Islands [1,2]. The roots and barks of T. asiatica have been used in Miao minority medicine, mainly in Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangxi provinces in China, for the treatment of fall injuries, rheumatic arthralgia, stomachache, chronic lumbago, and diarrhea [3,4]. Previous phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of different parts of this plant revealed that coumarins are the main secondary metabolites [5], some of which exhibited cytotoxic, antimalarial [6], antiviral [7], anti-inflammatory [8], antibacterial [9], anti-platelet aggregation [10], anti-plasmodial, larvicidal [11], phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitory [12], and osteoclastogenesis activities [13].…”

Identification of lipophilic components in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium cultivars by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–Q Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry

“…For example, as a representative simple coumarin, compound 28 generated a parent ion peak at m/z 147.0441 [M+H] + , and its fragment ions included m/z 119.0857 [M+H‐CO] + , 103.0546 [M+H‐CO 2 ] + , and 91.0547 [M+H‐2CO] + [23]. According to the structural fragmentation patterns of coumarins [24], compound 28 was identified as coumarin. Similar to compound 28, without the substitution of methoxyl groups, compound 14 showed a precursor ion at m/z 163.0389 [M+H] + and fragment ions at m/z 145.1014 [M+H‐H 2 O] + , 135.0445 [M+H‐CO] + , 119.0493 [M+H‐CO 2 ] + , and 91.0547 [M+H‐2CO] + .…”

Chemical Composition of Bawei Longzuan Granule and Its Anti‐Arthritic Activity on Collagen‐Induced Arthritis in Rats by Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses

“…During the analyses, the ESI parameters were set as follows: capillary voltage, 2.5 kV; source temperature, 120 °C; desolvation temperature, 400 °C; desolvation gas flow, 1000 L/h. The major chemical constituents of BLG were tentatively identified based on the accurate mass information, major fragment ions, reference literatures and some standard substances.…”