Simultaneous Observation of Sporadic Potassium and Sodium Layers Over São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.1°S, 45.9°W)

Andrioli, V. F.; Xu, Jiyao; Batista, P. P.; Pimenta, A. A.; Martins, Minella Alves; Savio, Siomel; Targon, C. G.; Yang, Guotao; Jiao, Jiaguo; Wang, C.; Liu, Z.

doi:10.1029/2020ja028890

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These events were carefully investigated in the present work, first using the data of a narrow band Na Density and Temperature LIDAR and second a high-resolution simultaneous Na and K LIDAR, both operated at São José dos Campos, Brazil (23 • S, 46 • W). This phenomenon is much rarer than the Neutral Sporadic layers, as studied by [2], around 3.6% of the observational nights from the first set of data, and 4.8% in the second data set. Considering the temperature analysis, all the three cases presented lower temperatures inside of C-structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In this data set, we found nine events of C-type structures. Andrioli et al [2] studied the simultaneous sporadic layers as seen in Na and K for all kinds of Ns using the same data set. Among the lack of similarities and differences between Ns behavior in Na and K layers that they reported, we highlight the peak height, rising time, and decay time here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have investigated these layers and showed they are much thinner than the background metal layer, lasting for a few minutes to hours, and do not present rapid temporal height variation. Despite its name "sporadic", the studies reveal that this is a regular event, as shown by [2], they occurred in more than 88% of the analyzed simultaneous Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C-Structures in Mesospheric Na and K Layers and Their Relations with Dynamical and Convective Instabilities

Andrioli

Batista

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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We analyzed the C-structures in the mesospheric metal layers. We used two datasets: one from a narrow band Sodium (Na) Density and Temperature LIDAR and the other from a high-resolution dual band Na and Potassium (K) LIDAR, both operated at São José dos Campos, Brazil (23° S, 46° W). We also investigated the Es layer occurrence and wind shear influences forming these structures. We found three C-type events over 82 analyzed nights in the first data set. They all showed lower temperatures inside C-structures compared to the borders. The squared Brunt-Väissälä frequency analyses showed positive values in the region of C-structures. In two out of three cases, dynamical instability was present (Ri < 0.25). We compared these results with the nine simultaneous C-type events identified in the 185 nights from the second data set. They showed height and time simultaneity correspondence as observed in the Na and K layers. Our results showed a low correlation between Es occurrence and C-structures. Additionally, strong wind shears in the altitude and time where C-structures appeared were always present. The advection of a metal cloud to the LIDAR station and a wind distortion seems to be the plausible mechanism that can explain all the observations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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C-Structures in Mesospheric Na and K Layers and Their Relations with Dynamical and Convective Instabilities

Andrioli

Batista

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Peculiar enhancement in the neutral K and Na layers observed during atypical E-region event in the South American magnetic anomaly (SAMA) region

Andrioli,

Xu,

Batista

et al. 2024

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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The sudden enhancement in the mesospheric neutral metal layers (Ns) has been studied in different latitudes for decades. Specifically, at 23°S, Sodium Ns layers have been analyzed since their first observation at the end of the seventies. Several studies have reported Sodium Ns during events of energetic particle precipitation (EPP) and the formation of auroral-type sporadic E (Esa) layers at high-latitude stations. The Esa layers are also observed in the Brazilian low-latitude sector during the EPP events due to the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). However, despite extensive studies on the SAMA region, no reports exist about the co-occurrence of the Ns layer and the Esa layer. Therefore, in the present work, for the first time, we observed on 26 April 2023 a peculiar Ns layer event synchronously occurring with the development of the Esa layer in the SAMA region.

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Simultaneous Observation of Sporadic Potassium and Sodium Layers Over São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.1°S, 45.9°W)

Abstract: The first observation of a strong enhancement of sodium (Na) atoms within a narrow layer in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region using LIDAR was reported by Clemesha et al. (1978). Afterward, this phenomenon was also detected in other metals, such as calcium (

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

C-Structures in Mesospheric Na and K Layers and Their Relations with Dynamical and Convective Instabilities

C-Structures in Mesospheric Na and K Layers and Their Relations with Dynamical and Convective Instabilities

Peculiar enhancement in the neutral K and Na layers observed during atypical E-region event in the South American magnetic anomaly (SAMA) region

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