Simultaneous measurement of magnetic field and inertia based on hybrid optical pumping

Quan, Wei; Li, Yang; Liu, Baiqi

doi:10.1209/0295-5075/110/60002

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…where A represents alkali-metal atom 39 is the relative velocity between the alkali atoms and quench gas N 2 respectively, the reduced mass of alkali atoms and quench gas N 2 is m alkali−N 2 = m alkali m N 2 m alkali +m N 2 , the relative velocity between the alkali atoms and buffer gas 4 He isv alkali−He = 8κ B T πm alkali−He , the reduced mass of alkali atoms and buffer gas 4 He is m alkali−He = m alkali m He m alkali +m He , k SE for different alkali metal atoms are nearly the same [26][27][28][29][30] Substitute equation (2) into equation (3), we obtain…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We take one of 4 He number density n He , N 2 number density n N 2 , cell temperature T and pumping rate of pump beam R p by equation (6) as a variable (other parameters are invariable) to obtain the results that the polarization of the hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometer based on 39 K ( 133 Cs)-85 Rb- 4 He respectively vary with the variable. Depending on suggestions and the typical conditions of the experiment group 19,30,36 , in order to facilitate the theoretical analysis, we take the mole fraction of atom B f B = 0.97, n He = 10 19 cm −3 , n N 2 = 2 × 10 17 cm −3 , R p = R K p = R Cs p = 200000 s −1 and T = 457.5 K, at the moment, 39 The fundamental sensitivity of the hybrid optical pumping SERF atomic magnetometer. To improve the practicability of the hybrid optical pumping SERF atomic magnetometer, it is necessary for us to investigate the fundamental sensitivity of the magnetometer to improve the sensitivity and stability of the magnetometer and realize the miniaturization of the magnetometer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

Liu

Jing

Wang

et al. 2017

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The hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic magnetometers can realize ultrahigh sensitivity measurement of magnetic field and inertia. We have studied the 85Rb polarization of two types of hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometers based on 39K-85Rb-4He and 133Cs-85Rb-4He respectively. Then we found that 85Rb polarization varies with the number density of buffer gas 4He and quench gas N2, pumping rate of pump beam and cell temperature respectively, which will provide an experimental guide for the design of the magnetometer. We obtain a general formula on the fundamental sensitivity of the hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometer due to shot-noise. The formula describes that the fundamental sensitivity of the magnetometer varies with the number density of buffer gas and quench gas, the pumping rate of pump beam, external magnetic field, cell effective radius, measurement volume, cell temperature and measurement time. We obtain a highest fundamental sensitivity of 1.5073 aT/Hz 1/2 (1 aT = 10−18 T) with 39K-85Rb-4He magnetometer between above two types of magnetometers when 85Rb polarization is 0.1116. We estimate the fundamental sensitivity limit of the hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometer to be superior to 1.8359 × 10−2 aT/Hz 1/2, which is higher than the shot-noise-limited sensitivity of 1 aT/Hz 1/2 of K SERF atomic magnetometer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

Liu

Jing

Wang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…We take 39 K and 133 Cs atom as A atom, 85 Rb as B atom, one of the f Rb , n N e , n N 2 , t, T , 34,35,54 , in order to facilitate the theoretical analysis, we take f Rb = 0.97, n N e = 6 × 10 19 cm −3 , n N 2 = 2 × 10 17 cm −3 , Φ K D1 = Φ Cs D1 = 10 20 /s, I K P I = I Cs P I = 0.02W/cm 2 , a = 1 cm, a p = 1 cm, ν K p = ν Cs p = 3.99 × 10 14…”

Section: D1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization and fundamental sensitivity of ³⁹K (¹³³Cs)–⁸⁵Rb–²¹Ne co-magnetometers*

et al. 2020

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The hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free (HOPSERF) atomic co-magnetometers makes ultrahigh sensitivity measurement of inertia be achievable. The wall relaxation rate has a big effect on the polarization and fundamental sensitivity for the co-magnetometer, but it is often neglected in the experiments. However, there is almost no work about the systematic analysis of the influence factors on the polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of the HOPSERF co-magnetometers. Here, we systematically studied the polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39 K-85 Rb-21 Ne and 133 Cs-85 Rb-21 Ne HOPSERF co-magnetometers with low polarization limit and the wall relaxation rate. The 21 Ne number density, the photon number flux, the pump beam spot radius and frequency rate will affect the polarization greatly by affecting the the pumping rate of pump beam. We obtain a general formula on the fundamental sensitivity of the HOPSERF co-magnetometers due to shot-noise and the fundamental sensitivity changes with multiple systemic parameters, where the suitable number density of buffer gas and quench gas make the fundamental sensitivity highest. The fundamental sensitivity 7.5878 × 10 −11 rad/s/Hz 1/2 of 133 Cs-85 Rb-21 Ne co-magnetometer is higher than the ultimate theoretical sensitivity 2 × 10 −10 rad/s/Hz 1/2 of K-21 Ne co-magnetometer.The fundamental sensitivity limit of 133 Cs-85 Rb-21 Ne co-magnetometer is superior to 3.7334× −12In recent years, ultrahigh sensitive co-magnetometers have become a hotspot in research of inertial navigation, geophysics 1, 2 , gravitational wave detection 3 , downhole orientation sensing 4 and general relativity test 5 . The representative traditional mechanical gyroscope based on electrostatic suspended rotators 5 is still the highest precision gyroscope on Earth. The ring laser gyroscope and the fiber optic gyroscope based on the Sagnac effect are widely used in sea and space navigation 6 . With the rapid development of quantum physics, the spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic spin co-magnetometer 7 uses hyperpolarized nuclear spins to sense rotation.Research on the atomic co-magnetometers contributes to the development of more wide variety of rotation sensing techniques. The simple arrangement and small volume of the co-magnetometer will ensure its wide application in the field of inertial navigation. Atomic co-magnetometers 8, 9 use two or more spin species with different gyromagnetic ratios occupying the same volume to cancel the sensitivity of the co-magnetometers to random changing magnetic field and this leaves them only sensitive to rotation or other fields. K−Rb−N e , L Cs Cs−Rb−N e , L K−Rb K−Rb−N e and L Cs−Rb Cs−Rb−N e decreases slowly with increasing T , duo to the increasing T increases the linewidth of the K-Ne and Cs-Ne pressure broadening, which makeCs Cs−Rb−N e , L K−Rb K−Rb−N e and L Cs−Rb Cs−Rb−N e decrease. However, L Rb K−Rb−N e and L Rb Cs−Rb−N edon't change with the T for L Rb K−Rb−N e and L Rb Cs−Rb−N e have nothing to do with the T . Fig. 1...

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“…The magnetic field measurement device is a core of a magnetic field measurement system, and it defines the sensitivity of magnetic field measurement. Among these devices, the atomic magnetic field measurement device based on the spin-exchange relaxationfree (SERF) theory, which has an extremely high theoretical sensitivity [6], [7] and can theoretically achieve preferable…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Reduction of Atomic Magnetometer Noise Based on Multigene Genetic Programming

2019

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An ultra-high precision magnetic field measurement is of great scientific and economic significance. An atomic magnetometer that operates in a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime has superior sensitivity and, thus, is of great significance for the ultra-high precision magnetic field measurement. In order to reduce the noise of a SERF atomic magnetometer and further improve its sensitivity, a method for noise reduction based on the multigene genetic programming (MGGP) is presented. Different from the existing methods, in this method, the model of magnetometer noise is established based on the experimental data. Namely, the noise of the SERF atomic magnetometer is first modeled by the MGGP algorithm and then reduced by the obtained model. Besides, in this way, the sensitivity is improved. The experimental results indicate that our MGGP model can adequately reflect the characteristics of the SERF magnetometer noise. Moreover, after applying the proposed method, the sensitivity of the SERF magnetometer is improved about 13 times at 1 Hz, and there is also a significant sensitivity increase at the frequencies less than 10 Hz. Therefore, the proposed method can effectively reduce the noise and improve the sensitivity of the SERF magnetometer in the low-frequency band. INDEX TERMS Atomic magnetometer noise modeling, multigene genetic programming, sensitivity improvement, spin-exchange relaxation-free regime.

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Simultaneous measurement of magnetic field and inertia based on hybrid optical pumping

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

Polarization and fundamental sensitivity of ³⁹K (¹³³Cs)–⁸⁵Rb–²¹Ne co-magnetometers*

A New Method for Reduction of Atomic Magnetometer Noise Based on Multigene Genetic Programming

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Simultaneous measurement of magnetic field and inertia based on hybrid optical pumping

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers

Polarization and fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)–85Rb–21Ne co-magnetometers*

A New Method for Reduction of Atomic Magnetometer Noise Based on Multigene Genetic Programming

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Polarization and fundamental sensitivity of ³⁹K (¹³³Cs)–⁸⁵Rb–²¹Ne co-magnetometers*