Simultaneous imaging for surface and internal structure of polymer blend thin films

Sugihara, Hideki; Oya, Kazuyuki; Murase, Hiroki; Akabori, Keiichi; Tanaka, Keiji; Kajiyama, Tisato; Takahara, Atsushi

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.10.080

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The sea-island morphology was predominantly observed in the cast blend with the unequal polymer ratios ( Fig. 3b ) 41 . A polymer blend isolated from 1 was likewise subjected to TEM observations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates

et al. 2015

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The establishment of methodologies for the mixing of immiscible substances is highly desirable to facilitate the development of fundamental science and materials technology. Herein we describe a new protocol for the compatibilization of immiscible polymers at the molecular level using porous coordination polymers (PCPs) as removable templates. In this process, the typical immiscible polymer pair of polystyrene (PSt) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was prepared via the successive homopolymerizations of their monomers in a PCP to distribute the polymers inside the PCP particles. Subsequent dissolution of the PCP frameworks in a chelator solution affords a PSt/PMMA blend that is homogeneous in the range of several nanometers. Due to the unusual compatibilization, the thermal properties of the polymer blend are remarkably improved compared with the conventional solvent-cast blend. This method is also applicable to the compatibilization of PSt and polyacrylonitrile, which have very different solubility parameters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the TEM images, an equimolar blended sample exhibited a macroscopically segregated structure with bilayered PSt- and PMMA-rich phases, where island domains of PSt were observed in the PMMA phase and vice versa ( Fig. 3a ) 41 . The sea-island morphology was predominantly observed in the cast blend with the unequal polymer ratios ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates

et al. 2015

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“…[32][33][34] For annealed films it is also possible to remove thin layers of the film to probe its internal structure, such as with a focused ion beam 35 or mechanical slicing. 36 To our knowledge, however, no previous study has been reported to probe block copolymer films in real time that are annealed in the presence of nanopatterned surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In situ characterization of block copolymer ordering on chemically nanopatterned surfaces by time-resolved small angle x-ray scattering

Stuen

Liu

Welander

et al. 2008

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena

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The assembly of lamella-forming block copolymer blend thin films on chemically nanopatterned striped surfaces was monitored in real time with small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) in transmission mode. The strongest diffraction from the assembled grating structure was detected after 4.5min of annealing as the temperature was ramped from 100to240°C at a rate of about 20°C∕min. Real-space images were also obtained from samples annealed for specific times using top-down scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and this identified structures formed during annealing that are unique to the block copolymer blends. The data are compared to previously reported SEM and molecular simulation studies with pure block copolymers. Because it can be used in real time and probes the entire film thickness, transmission SAXS proved to be a useful tool for better understanding the block copolymer annealing process.

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“…SAICAS has great potential for use in the characterization of the cutting force of films. This technique is also capable of precise ultralow-angle slicing. , A miscible pairs of PPO/PS laminates was used because PS was compatible with PPO on the segmental level through the interaction between the electrodeficient methyl groups of PPO and the π-orbitals of PS. − The PS/PPO blend system is known that is miscible in all proportions and exhibits a single T g when examined by a variety of techniques including DSC, dynamic mechanical relaxation, and the measurement of dielectric properties. , The T g of PS and PPO is 401 and 490 K, respectively, from the change in slope of the deflection signals of nano-TA. The difference in the T g between these two polymers is large enough to be distinguished by nano-TA .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique is also capable of precise ultralow-angle slicing. 21,22 A miscible pairs of PPO/PS laminates was used because PS was compatible with PPO on the segmental level through the interaction between the electrodeficient methyl groups of PPO and the π-orbitals of PS. 23−27 The PS/PPO blend system is known that is miscible in all proportions and exhibits a single T g when examined by a variety of techniques including DSC, dynamic mechanical relaxation, and the measurement of dielectric properties.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Measurement of Chain Diffusion at Interfaces of PPO/PS Bilayer Films by Nano-Thermal Analysis and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Kobayashi

Takahara

2013

Macromolecules

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Chain diffusion at the polyphenylene oxide/polystyrene (PPO/PS) interface of bilayer films were investigated using nanothermal analysis (nano-TA) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF−SIMS). An ultralow-angle slicing technique by the surface and interfacial cutting analysis system (SAICAS) was used to expand the size of the interfacial region effectively. The glass-transition temperature (T g ) at the interface was directly evaluated by nano-TA. The gradient of T g at the PPO/PS interface became broad after annealing. An increase in annealing time caused an increase in the T g of the initial PS layer, indicating that the PPO diffused across the interface. Since PPO/PS is a compatible blend system, the local chemical compositions were evaluated by Fox equation. The methodology presented here is useful for interfacial analyses of various polymer composite systems and is beneficial because the isotope labeling is not necessary.

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Simultaneous imaging for surface and internal structure of polymer blend thin films

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates

Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates

In situ characterization of block copolymer ordering on chemically nanopatterned surfaces by time-resolved small angle x-ray scattering

Direct Measurement of Chain Diffusion at Interfaces of PPO/PS Bilayer Films by Nano-Thermal Analysis and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

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