Simultaneous Identification of Phenolic Compound from the Honey of Stingless Bee by Using HPLC

Abstract

Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses honey bee products including honey, propolis, pollen, bee venom, and royal jelly. Stingless bee honey reportedly has many medicinal and therapeutic uses and excellent potency. This study aimed to identify the phenolic compounds using a fast and specific reversed-phase HPLC method in the extract of stingless bee honey. A magnetic stirrer was used for the pretreatment process of a sample with methanol at a temperature of 50°C for 40 min, followed by separation on a column size of 250 mm x 4.6 mm (5μm) hypersil gold-C18 (Thermo Electron Corporation) with water–methanol–acetonitrile (45:40:15 v/v/v) containing acetic acid 1.0% as a mobile phase. A 254-nm wavelength was used to detect the extract. The standard retention times of the gallic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol were found to be at 2.610, 2.875, 3.150, 5.789, and 8.983 min, respectively. The existence of gallic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, kaempferol, and quercetin in the stingless bee honey extract was found to match according to the standard retention time. In the stingless bee honey, the retention times of gallic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol were found to be at 2.613, 2.866, 3.157, 5.790, and 8.966 min, respectively. In the stingless bee honey, the amounts of gallic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol were 1.426%, 2.533%, 16.922%, 1.851%, and 13.773%, respectively. According to the results, it is concluded that stingless bee honey is rich in phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds that have strong antioxidant properties.

The Mechanism of Kelulut Honey in Reversing Metabolic Changes in Rats Fed with High-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

“…The presence of multiple bioactive compounds in functional food can target multiple pathways contributing to the development of MetS [ 16 ]. Bee-derived products or apitherapy rich in polyphenol content could be effective in managing MetS [ 17 ]. Several studies have found that bee honey can inhibit MetS by acting as an anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-hypertensive agent [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

The Mechanism of Honey in Reversing Metabolic Syndrome

“…In recent years, various studies have demonstrated the use of natural ingredients, such as cinnamon, ginger, and other plant-derived therapeutics, as a dietary intervention in preventing or treating metabolic syndrome [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Some of the apitherapy agents intensively investigated include honey, propolis, pollen, bee venom, and royal jelly [ 13 ]. Honey is speculated to be a potent metabolic syndrome preventive agent due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory [ 14 ], hepatoprotective [ 15 ], antihypertensive [ 16 ], and antiobesity properties [ 17 ].…”

Data_Sheet_1.docx

“…The characterization of phenolic compounds has been performed using different methods, especially HPLC (261), and the presence of these compounds in stingless bee honey has been evaluated by matching the retention time of the standard. HPLC with different detectors was also used to identify the phenolic compounds: HPLC with diode array detection (262), and semi-preparative HPLC system with a diode array detector (DAD) (263).…”