Simultaneous hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions using free-standing nitrogen-doped-carbon–Co/CoO_x nanofiber electrodes decorated with palladium nanoparticles

Abstract

Designing efficient electrode materials for electrochemical water splitting is the most critical challenge for next-generation hydrogen fuel production. This study describes the development of free-standing nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber (N-CNF) electrodes...

Review on Natural, Incidental, Bioinspired, and Engineered Nanomaterials: History, Definitions, Classifications, Synthesis, Properties, Market, Toxicities, Risks, and Regulations

“…This class includes but is not limited to box-shaped graphene nanostructured and bundles of nanowires, and nanotubes. In the last decade, many researchers have been focusing on the design, production, and assessment of 3D nanostructures as electrodes for electrochemical energy conversion (fuel cells) [103,104], and storage (batteries and supercapacitors) [105,106], and water treatment [107]. Materials with complex 3D structures can display unique features, such as the critical transition to bio stability of a square twist origami, and elevated mechanical strength.…”

Review on Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Materials: Bioimaging, Biosensing, Drug Delivery, Tissue Engineering, Antimicrobial, and Agro-Food Applications

“…The global nanomaterials market is expected to reach USD 57,608.26 million by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 19.86% during the forecast period (2021–2026). This growth is attributed to the wide range of applications of nanomaterials in the biomedical sector, including imaging, targeted drug delivery, nanorobots for surgery, nanodiagnostics, cell repair, and nanobiosensors [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ].…”

“…Therefore, nanostructured materials are composed of interlinked parts in the nanoscale range [ 3 ]. Nanoparticles and nanostructured materials can be made of simple materials (e.g., metal, carbon, polymer) [ 4 ], of composites (e.g., polymer-metal, silica-metal, graphene-metal), or in the core-shell form [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Nanomaterials display many interesting features, such as superior mechanical performance, the possibility of surface functionalization, large surface area, and tunable porosity, compared to their bulk materials [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. These outstanding features explain why nanomaterials are the perfect candidates in the biomedical sector for the production of tissue-engineered scaffolds (e.g., blood vessels, bone), drug delivery systems (gene therapy, cancer treatments, drugs for chronic respiratory infections), chemical sensors [ 4 , 5 ], biosensors [ 6 , 7 ], and wound dressings [ 14 , 15 ]. Remarkably, several studies suggest that ancient civilizations in India, Egypt, and China used nanotechnology (metallic gold) for therapeutic purposes in 2500 BC [ 16 ].…”

“…The use of nanomaterials to improve dental implants is also discussed, as well as the fabrication methods [ 14 ]. As many review articles have already described the biomedical applications of nanomaterials [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], this review will be extended to discuss the nanomaterial’s toxicity, risks, and regulations in the biomedical sector.…”