Simultaneous HPLC Determination of Amino Acids in Tea Infusion Coupled to Pre-column Derivatization with 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene

Li, Nana; Liu, Yang; Zhao, Yue; Zheng, Xin-Qiang; Lu, Jian-Liang; Liang, Yue-Rong

doi:10.1007/s12161-015-0310-8

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…According to methods previously reported in the literature (Liang et al, 2008), the total polyphenol and total amino acid contents were determined by spectrophotometry with ferrous tartrate and ninhydrin colourimetry, respectively. The amounts of major amino acids were analysed by HPLC coupled with pre-column derivatization with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (Li et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have attempted to reveal the physiological and biochemical characteristics of ‘White leaf No.1’. For example, the contents of amino acids, including theanine, were found to be significantly higher in young albino shoots of ‘White leaf No.1’ than in normal tea cultivars with green leaves (Du et al, 2006; Li et al, 2016b). Conversely, the levels of pigment components, including chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , and carotenoids, as well as quality-related metabolites, including catechins and caffeine, were significantly decreased in the chlorophyll-deficient albino leaves of ‘White leaf No.1’ (Du et al, 2006; Wei et al, 2012; Feng et al, 2014; Li et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Dissection of Chemical Composition and Associated Gene Expression in the Pigment-Deficient Tea Cultivar ‘Xiaoxueya’ Reveals an Albino Phenotype and Metabolite Formation

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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The tea cultivar ‘Xiaoxueya’, a temperature-sensitive albino mutant, is a rare tea germplasm because of its highly enriched amino acid content and brisk flavour. In comparison with green leaf tissues of ‘Xiaoxueya’, albino leaves show significant deficiency in chlorophylls and carotenoids and severely disrupted chloroplasts. Furthermore, the accumulation of quality-related secondary metabolites is altered in ‘Xiaoxueya’ albino leaf, with significantly increased contents of total amino acids, theanine, and glutamic acid and significantly decreased contents of alkaloids, catechins, and polyphenols. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying albinism and quality-related constituent variation in ‘Xiaoxueya’ leaves, expression profiles of pivotal genes involved in the biosynthetic pathways of pigments, caffeine, theanine, and catechins were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR technology. The results revealed that suppressed expression of the chloroplast-localized 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase genes DXS1 and DXS2 involved in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase genes POR1 and POR2 involved in the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway is responsible for the pigment deficiency in ‘Xiaoxueya’ albino leaf. Additionally, the low expression of the tea caffeine synthase gene (TCS) involved in caffeine biosynthesis and the chalcone synthase genes CHS1, CHS2, and CHS3, the chalcone isomerase gene CHI, the flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase genes F3’5’H1 and F3’5’H2, and the anthocyanidin reductase genes ANR1 and ANR2 involved in the flavonoid pathway is related to the reduction in alkaloid and catechin levels in ‘Xiaoxueya’ albino leaves.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dissection of Chemical Composition and Associated Gene Expression in the Pigment-Deficient Tea Cultivar ‘Xiaoxueya’ Reveals an Albino Phenotype and Metabolite Formation

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…1) and normal cultivar Fudingdabai although the former has higher level amino acids than the latter. Compared with temperature-sensitive albino tea cultivar Baiye-1, the light-sensitive albino tea cultivars have less total catechins although both amino acid levels are higher than normal tea cultivar Fudingdabai (Table 1) (Li et al, 2016d.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Light-sensitive Albino Tea Plants and Their Characterization

Shin¹,

Yang²,

Shi³

et al. 2018

horts

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Albino tea plants are mutants that grow albino young leaves owing to lack of chlorophylls under certain environmental conditions. There are two types of albino tea plants grown in production, i.e., light- and temperature-sensitive albino tea cultivars. The former grows albino leaves in yellow color under intensive sunlight conditions and the later grows albino leaves with white mesophyll and greenish vein as the environmental temperature is below 20 °C. Both albino teas attract great attention because of their high levels of amino acids and the “umami” taste. There have been many studies focusing on the temperature-sensitive albino tea plants, whereas little attention has been given to the light-sensitive albino tea cultivars. The characteristics of the albino tea cultivars and the mechanism underlying them were reviewed in the present article based on the published literatures, including chemical compositions, morphological characteristics, and molecular genetic mechanism.

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“…7 The interest in the chemical composition of the herbal extracts, the comparison of different extracts and their possible benefits, is growing. 1,8,9 Currently, the method of choice for qualitative and quantitative analysis of amino acids, especially in complex matrices, is liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). 10 Different atmospheric pressure ionization (API) sources enable soft ionization of analytes from the LC effluent in both positive and negative ion modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 The interest in the chemical composition of the herbal extracts, the comparison of different extracts and their possible benefits, is growing. 1,8,9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence of matrix effect on ionization polarity during LC–ESI–MS analysis of derivatized amino acids in some natural samples

Oldekop

Rebane

Herodes

2017

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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Matrix effect, the influence of co-eluting components on the ionization efficiency of the analyte, affects the trueness and precision of the LC-ESI-MS analysis. Derivatization can reduce or eliminate matrix effect, for example, diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate (DEEMM) derivatives have shown less matrix effect compared to other derivatives. Moreover, the use of negative ion mode can further reduce matrix effect. In order to investigate the combination of derivatization and different ionization modes, an LC-ESI-MS/MS method using alternating positive/negative ion mode was developed and validated. The analyses in positive and negative ion modes had comparable limit of quantitation values. The influence of ESI polarity on matrix effect was investigated during the analysis of 22 DEEMM-derivatized amino acids in herbal extracts and honeys. Sample dilution approach was used for the evaluation of the presence of matrix effect. Altogether, 4 honeys and 11 herbal extracts were analyzed, and the concentrations of 22 amino acids in the samples are presented. In the positive ion mode, matrix effect was observed for several amino acid derivatives and the matrix effect was stronger in honey samples compared to the herbal extracts. The negative ion mode was free from matrix effect, with only few exceptions in honeys (average relative standard deviation over all analytes and matrices was 8%; SD = 7%). The matrix effect was eliminated in the positive ion mode by sample dilution and agreement between concentrations from the two ion modes was achieved for most amino acids. In conclusion, it was shown that the combination of derivatization and negative ion mode can be a powerful tool for minimizing matrix effect in more complicated applications.

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Simultaneous HPLC Determination of Amino Acids in Tea Infusion Coupled to Pre-column Derivatization with 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

Dissection of Chemical Composition and Associated Gene Expression in the Pigment-Deficient Tea Cultivar ‘Xiaoxueya’ Reveals an Albino Phenotype and Metabolite Formation

Dissection of Chemical Composition and Associated Gene Expression in the Pigment-Deficient Tea Cultivar ‘Xiaoxueya’ Reveals an Albino Phenotype and Metabolite Formation

Light-sensitive Albino Tea Plants and Their Characterization

Dependence of matrix effect on ionization polarity during LC–ESI–MS analysis of derivatized amino acids in some natural samples

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