Simultaneous extraction of phenolics and essential oil from peppermint by pressurized hot water extraction

Abstract

Phenolics and essential oil of peppermint were obtained by pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). The best extraction conditions were found to be 130°C for temperature, 10 min for extraction time, and 3 cycles for extraction number. There were no statistically significant differences between 130 and 160°C in terms of essential oil content. Total phenolic contents (TPC) of the extracts were higher at 160°C than that of 130°C. However, further HPLC analysis of the extracts revealed that hydrolysis and/or decomposition of phenolics were observed in the extracts obtained at 160°C. The main phenolic of peppermint was determined as eriocitrin by HPLC-DAD, while menthol was the dominant component in essential oil fraction of peppermint by GC-FID. The present study demonstrated that PHWE was a suitable technique for simultaneous extraction of phenolics and essential oil from peppermint. The technique might be used as an analytical extraction tool for determination of phenolics and essential oil. Moreover, the extracts of PHWE could directly be evaluated for the enrichment of liquid food formulations or be transformed into solid form by suitable techniques such as spray drying for easy storage and subsequent enrichment of food products.

Antioxidants of Natural Plant Origins: From Sources to Food Industry Applications

“…There is an improvement of compounds’ solubilities and the desorption kinetics from the matrices [130]. This process has been used to extract several bioactive natural compounds, such as essential oil from peppermint [107], polyphenols from goldenberry [109], carotenoids from carrot by-products [108] and phenolic compounds from a large variety of plant materials (e.g., Goji berry, feijoa peel, grape marc, spent coffee grinds and olive pomace) [25,110,111,112,113].…”

Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products

“…Plants extracted by subcritical water mainly include herbs [ 15 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], vegetables with medicinal values [ 30 , 31 ], fruits [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ], oilseed crops [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ], shrubs, grains, tea leaves and beans [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. These plants have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years in some countries and have been proved to possess plentiful pharmacologically active components.…”

“…Essential oils have been used in folk medicine in ancient China, Egypt, Arabia, and Greece throughout centuries. Therefore, some researches have attempted to utilize SBWE as a green solvent to extract essential oils from plants, and recent researches are illustrated in Table 6 [ 12 , 22 , 28 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 ]. The most common essential oils are extracted by distillation [ 174 , 176 , 180 , 181 ], n -hexane [ 174 ] or supercritical carbon dioxide [ 181 ], or dichloromethane [ 181 ].…”

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seed Oil: A Functional Food from the Winemaking Industry

“…In this sense, hot water extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) use fluids and CO 2 , using seeds or other parts of the plants. Some data demonstrate that for Cinnamomum , superheated water extraction yields high quality oil, reducing production time and costs [ 98 ], being also useful for extracting phenols and oil from peppermint simultaneously [ 99 ]. SFE with CO 2 is a green and low-cost alternative that produces a high-quality product compared to mechanical pressing, and though yield is lower than that of hexane-extraction, as with cold-pressing, it may improve using an enzymatically pre-treated seed [ 100 , 101 ].…”