Simultaneous evaluation of neonicotinoids in cotton seed cake using reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cotton crop accounts for more than 52% of total insecticide usage in India. Neonicotinoids, being newer insecticides, have found greater use in the northern region. In this study a rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for measuring neonicotinoid residues in cotton seed cake (CSC). The method involves the extraction of three neonicotinoids from CSC with acetonitrile/water (80 : 20 v/v), followed by liquid-liquid partitioning and column clean-up prior to injection.

Development and validation of QuEChERS method for neonicotinoids in cotton

“…Simple and modified QuEChERS method were developed as well as validated for sample preparation of various neonicotinoids in honey samples [8]. The estimation of neonicotinoids in cotton seed, cotton field soil and pollen [9][10] was also reported but little data is available [11][12] for estimation of all the three selected neonicotinoids in cotton leaves, flowers, nectariferrous tissue and pollen using a single and simple QuEChERS technique. The present study was designed with the main aim of standardizing the precise method of estimation, detection and confirmation of three widely used neonicotinoids-imidacloprid, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam in cotton (leaves, flowers, nectariferrous tissue and pollen) using the QuEChERS technique that can be used for the quantitative analysis of the residue by HPLC in all the four selected matrices of cotton.…”

Residuos de Neonicotinoides y Espinosad en cera y polen : Determinación por LC-ESI-MS

“…En cuanto al análisis de estos compuestos, las investigaciones se han visto incrementadas los últimos años debido al auge que han tenido los neonicotinoides en la agricultura. Así, se puede encontrar una amplia variedad de matrices estudiadas, donde destacan trabajos en frutas y verduras , leche y tejido bovino 107,108 , agua y suelos 91,[109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116] , aire 117 , vinos 118 , algodón y sus semillas 119,120 , granos 121,122 , aceites 123,124 , hojas de café 125 , té 98,126 , zumos 127 , carnes y huevos 128 , polen y néctar en flores 129,130 , abejas y productos de la colmena. [131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141] .…”

“…En lo que se refiere a la metodología analítica, la mayoría de las investigaciones han sido realizadas utilizando LC, [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99]101,[103][104][105][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][126][127][128][129] con muy pocos trabajos que emplean GC, 125,130,137 la técnica de ELISA 100,134 o electroforesis. 102,106 Dentro de los detectores más utilizados, los que llevan la delantera son los espectrómetros de masas [87][88]…”