Simultaneous Enantioselective Determination of Two New Isopropanol-Triazole Fungicides in Plant-Origin Foods Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Reversed-Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction and Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

A simple and sensitive enantiomeric analytical method was established for the determination of two new isopropanoltriazole fungicides mefentrifluconazole and ipfentrifluconazole in plant-origin foods using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC−MS/MS). The best enantioseparation of the four target stereoisomers was achieved on a Chiral MX(2)-RH column within 7 min by reversed-phase liquid chromatography, which is a significant improvement in the resolution of different chiral compounds under one set of conditions. A simple and effective pretreatment procedure was developed for the extraction and purification of the two target chiral fungicides using reversed-dispersive solid-phase extraction (r-DSPE) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The influence of the type and amount of MWCNTs on the purification efficiencies and recoveries was evaluated. The mean recoveries for all four stereoisomers were in the range of 76.9−91.2%, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 7.2%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of all stereoisomers of mefentrifluconazole and ipfentrifluconazole was 5 μg/kg for all tested matrixes. The results of the method validation and real samples analysis confirm that the established method is efficient and reliable for the enantiomeric determination of mefentrifluconazole and ipfentrifluconazole in plant-origin food samples.

Enantioselective determination of phenthoate enantiomers in plant‐origin matrices using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Hence, selection of the sorbent is highly needed. The effects of six sorbents on the removal of pigments, recovery of the target compounds and matrix effect were compared based on the method developed by Li et al (2020). Three types of plant‐origin matrices, including grains (rice), fruits (citrus) and vegetables (spinach), were used.…”

“…Five replicate blank samples spiked with plant‐origin samples at different concentrations (5, 100 and 1,000 μg/kg) were prepared, and allowed to stand at room temperature for half an hour before pretreatment. The intra‐day RSDs (repeatability) and inter‐day RSDs (reproducibility) were determined to evaluate the precision (Li et al, 2020). Matrix effect (ME), which refers to the ionization efficiency of the target compounds affected by co‐elution, will either suppress or enhance the analysis signal and is defined as shpwn in equation 1 (Zhang et al, 2016): where k m and k s are the slopes of the matrix‐matched curve and the solvent curve, respectively.…”

Switchable deep eutectic solvent‐based homogenous liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode‐array detection for the determination of the chiral fungicide mefentrifluconazole in water, fruit juice, and fermented liquor

“…The performance of the proposed SDES-HLLME pretreatment method was compared with the performances acquired using the existing pretreatment methods for mefentrifluconazole in Table 3. 9,[42][43][44][45] One advantage of SDES-HLLME is that it avoids the use of toxic extraction solvents (e.g., acetonitrile). The extraction time is also greatly reduced, and the use of auxiliary extraction…”

Enantioselective toxic effects of mefentrifluconazole in the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…15–17 According their chemical structures, MFZ has one chiral carbon center and consists of a pair of enantiomers. At present, several studies on enantioselective separation, biological activity and toxicological effects related to MFZ have been published 11,18,19 . R ‐(−)‐MFZ exhibited higher bioactivity than S ‐(+)‐MFZ, and R ‐(−)‐MFZ was more persistent than S ‐(+)‐MFZ in the cucumber and watermelon 11,18 .…”

“…At present, several studies on enantioselective separation, biological activity and toxicological effects related to MFZ have been published. 11,18,19 R-(À)-MFZ exhibited higher bioactivity than S-(+)-MFZ, and R-(À)-MFZ was more persistent than S-(+)-MFZ in the cucumber and watermelon. 11,18 In vitro human recombinant aromatase inhibition test, the toxicological activity of S-MFZ was higher than that of R-MFZ.…”