Simultaneous EEG-fMRI for Functional Neurological Assessment

Mele, Giulia; Cavaliere, Carlo; Alfano, Vincenzo; Orsini, Mario; Salvatore, Marco; Aiello, Marco

doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00848

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 15 min sessions during which the patient was in a psychosensory resting state and alternated between closed and open eyes [ 34 ]. A 32-channel brain cap MR with multitrodes was used (Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Changes in Motor Functional Conversion Disorder: Multimodal Imaging Approach on a Case

et al. 2020

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Background: Functional motor conversion disorders are characterized by neurological symptoms unrelated to brain structural lesions. The present study was conducted on a woman presenting motor symptoms causing motor dysfunction, using advanced multimodal neuroimaging techniques, electrophysiological and neuropsychological assessment. Methods. The patient underwent fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET-CT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with both task and resting-state paradigms and was compared with 11 healthy matched controls. To test differences in structural parameters, Bayesian comparison was performed. To test differences in functional parameters, a first- and second-level analysis was performed in task fMRI, while a seed-to-seed analysis to evaluate the connections between brain regions and identify intersubject variations was performed in resting-state fMRI. Results. FDG-PET showed two patterns of brain metabolism, involving the cortical and subcortical structures. Regarding the diffusion data, microstructural parameters were altered for U-shape fibers for the hand and feet regions. Resting-state analysis showed hypoconnectivity between the parahippocampal and superior temporal gyrus. Neurophysiological assessment showed no alterations. Finally, an initial cognitive impairment was observed, paralleled by an anxiety and mild depressive state. Conclusions. While we confirmed no structural alterations sustaining this functional motor disorder, we report microstructural changes in sensory–motor integration for both the hand and feet regions that could functionally support clinical manifestations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Changes in Motor Functional Conversion Disorder: Multimodal Imaging Approach on a Case

et al. 2020

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“…More recently, the origin of signal used by functional MRI to investigate large-group of neuronal activations has been debated, considering preclinical evidences that evoked astrocytic Ca 2+ waves can correlate with increased EEG power signal , astrocyte-evoked BOLD fluctuations (Takata et al, 2018), and transcranial direct current stimulation response (Monai and Hirase, 2018). These findings render furtherly more appealing the use of hybrid scanner that can acquire simultaneously PET, fMRI, and EEG signal (Mele et al, 2019).…”

Section: Pet and Mr Imaging Of Astrocytic Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gliosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Role of PET and MR Imaging

Cavaliere

Tramontano

Fiorenza

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Glial activation characterizes most neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, often anticipating clinical manifestations and macroscopical brain alterations. Although imaging techniques have improved diagnostic accuracy in many neurological conditions, often supporting diagnosis, prognosis prediction and treatment outcome, very few molecular imaging probes, specifically focused on microglial and astrocytic activation, have been translated to a clinical setting. In this context, hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) scanners represent the most advanced tool for molecular imaging, combining the functional specificity of PET radiotracers (e.g., targeting metabolism, hypoxia, and inflammation) to both high-resolution and multiparametric information derived by MR in a single imaging acquisition session. This simultaneity of findings achievable by PET/MR, if useful for reciprocal technical adjustments regarding temporal and spatial cross-modal alignment/synchronization, opens still debated issues about its clinical value in neurological patients, possibly incompliant and highly variable from a clinical point of view. While several preclinical and clinical studies have investigated the sensitivity of PET tracers to track microglial (mainly TSPO ligands) and astrocytic (mainly MAOB ligands) activation, less studies have focused on MR specificity to this topic (e.g., through the assessment of diffusion properties and T2 relaxometry), and only few exploiting the integration of simultaneous hybrid acquisition. This review aims at summarizing and critically review the current state about PET and MR imaging for glial targets, as well as the potential added value of hybrid scanners for characterizing microglial and astrocytic activation.

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“…It was first developed in the 1990s for the use in the epilepsy field 1 , 2 and has subsequently been used in neuroscience research since the 2000s 3 , 4 . With the increase in knowledge regarding the safety 5 and continuous development of techniques for the removal of MRI-induced artifacts on EEG 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , it is currently a tool that is widely utilized in both neuroscience and clinical research 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EEG-fMRI is acquired either at rest or during a task, depending on the research question. In general, resting state acquisition allows the identification of structures involved in the generation of a particular EEG feature (e.g., waveform, rhythm, frequencies, power) and helps in understanding the variable spontaneous brain activities 11 . A number of neuroscience studies and most clinical studies, especially those on epilepsy 12 , acquire EEG-fMRI at rest 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Acquisition of Electroencephalography Data during Simultaneous Electroencephalography and Functional MRI

Khoo

Fujita

Tani

et al. 2021

JoVE

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Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), EEG-fMRI, combines the complementary properties of scalp EEG (good temporal resolution) and fMRI (good spatial resolution) to measure neuronal activity during an electrographic event, through hemodynamic responses known as blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) changes. It is a non-invasive research tool that is utilized in neuroscience research and is highly beneficial to the clinical community, especially for the management of neurological diseases, provided that proper equipment and protocols are administered during data acquisition. Although recording EEG-fMRI is apparently straightforward, the correct preparation, especially in placing and securing the electrodes, is not only important for safety but is also critical in ensuring the reliability and analyzability of the EEG data obtained. This is also the most experience-demanding part of the preparation. To address these issues, a straightforward protocol that ensures data quality was developed. This article provides a step-by-step guide for acquiring reliable EEG data during EEG-fMRI using this protocol that utilizes readily available medical products. The presented protocol can be adapted to different applications of EEG-fMRI in research and clinical settings, and may be beneficial to both inexperienced and expert operators.

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Simultaneous EEG-fMRI for Functional Neurological Assessment

Cited by 49 publications

References 66 publications

Microstructural Changes in Motor Functional Conversion Disorder: Multimodal Imaging Approach on a Case

Microstructural Changes in Motor Functional Conversion Disorder: Multimodal Imaging Approach on a Case

Gliosis and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Role of PET and MR Imaging

Reliable Acquisition of Electroencephalography Data during Simultaneous Electroencephalography and Functional MRI

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