Simultaneous determination of terpenes and cannabidiol in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) by fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detection

Abstract

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has become widely used in several sectors due to the presence of various bioactive compounds such as terpenes and cannabidiol. In general, terpenes and cannabidiol content is determined separately, which is time consuming. Thus, a fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detection method was validated for simultaneous determination of both terpenes and cannabidiol in hemp. The method enabled a rapid detection of 29 different terpenes and cannabidiol within a total analysis time of 16 min, with satisfactory sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.03–0.27 µg/mL, limit of quantitation = 0.10–0.89 µg/mL). The inter‐ and intraday precision (RSD) was <7.82 and <3.59%, respectively. Recoveries at two spiked concentration levels (low, 3.15 µg/mL; high, 20.0 µg/mL) were determined on both apical leaves (78.55–101.52%) and inflorescences (77.52–107.10%). The reproducibility (RSD) was <5.94 and <5.51% in apical leaves and inflorescences, respectively. The proposed and validated method is highly sensitive, robust, fast, and accurate for determination of the main terpenes and cannabidiol in hemp and could be routinely used for quality control.

Analysis of the California list of pesticides, mycotoxins, and cannabinoids in chocolate using liquid chromatography and low‐pressure gas chromatography‐based platforms

“…In terms of phytoconstituents, multiple studies describing diverse analytical methods for the determination of cannabinoids and terpenes in cannabis matrices have been recently reported [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Furthermore, SMPRs for the quantitation of cannabinoids in cannabis concentrates have been published [ 38 ], and several literature reviews outlining the most up‐to‐date information in terpene and potency analysis are also available [ 7 , 8 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Topical Use of Cannabis sativa L. Biochemicals

“…Secondly, because of the Hemp Seed Oil, which has beneficial properties for the skin [7,8]. And thirdly, because of the diversity of minor bioactive active compounds such as terpenes, flavonoids, carotenoids, phytosterols [9][10][11].…”

Mild Abiotic Stress Affects Development and Stimulates Hormesis of Hemp Aphid Phorodon cannabis

“…Apart from phytocannabinoids, hemp plants produce numerous terpenes that may also play important roles in human health, such as reducing inflammation and managing allergies and contribute to the entourage effect, that means they can modulate the psychoactive effect of the plant. Chemical methods, such as fast gas chromatography with flame ionization detection, permit simultaneous determination of terpenes and CBD in hemp [ 39 ], facilitating the studies of further improvements of these traits and maximization of the agronomic potential of this multifaceted crop [ 36 ].…”