Simultaneous Determination of Nine UV Filters and Four Preservatives in Suncare Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

HPLC method for quantitative determination of four preservatives and nine UV filters worldwide authorized in commercial suncare product was developed and validated, and then 101 samples of commercial suncare products were analyzed for the UV filters and preservatives using the proposed method. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water containing 0.5% acetic acid using a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min and UV measurements were carried out at 320 nm for UV filters and 254 nm for preservatives. The correlation coefficients of each calibration curves were mostly higher than 0.999. The percent relative standard deviations (%RSD) ranged from 0.97% to 6.1% for five sample aliquots. The recoveries from the spiked solutions were 98-102%. 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EHMC) was detected in 96 of 101 commercial suncare products and the concentration was in the range of 3.08-8.16% and 18 samples were found to exceed the 7.5% which has been defined as the maximum allowed concentration in Korea. Methyl paraben was detected in 81 of 101 samples and the next-most often detected preservatives were propyl paraben (25), ethyl paraben (18), and butyl paraben (4). Three samples of 101 suncare products exceeded the maximum allowed concentration (i.e., 0.58-0.79%). The proposed HPLC method allows efficient and simultaneous analysis of preservatives and UV filters suitable for quality control assays of commercial suncare products.

An Overview of the Analytical Methods for the Determination of Organic Ultraviolet Filters in Cosmetic Products and Human Samples

“…The step of dissolving the cosmetic sample may be preceded by homogenisation. Depending on the cosmetic product’s type (i.e., consistency), the next steps in the procedure may include sonicating the sample for a few minutes (5–30 min, 40 °C) [ 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], magnetic mixing [ 34 , 35 ], mechanical shaking [ 20 , 36 ], vortexing (3–4 min), [ 25 , 29 , 32 , 37 ], or centrifuging (1–20 min, 3500–14,800 rpm) [ 14 , 19 , 20 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 32 , 33 ], which can help accelerate the solubilisation. The obtained supernatant is often filtered as well (e.g., 0.45 µm nylon membrane filter) [ 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 ...…”

“…Depending on the cosmetic product's type (i.e., consistency), the next steps in the procedure may include sonicating the sample for a few minutes (5-30 min, 40 • C) [10,, magnetic mixing [34,35], mechanical shaking [20,36], vortexing (3-4 min), [25,29,32,37], or centrifuging (1-20 min, 3500-14,800 rpm) [14,19,20,25,27,29,32,33], which can help accelerate the solubilisation. The obtained supernatant is often filtered as well (e.g., 0.45 µm nylon membrane filter) [10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][21][22][23][24][25][26]37] and/or evaporated [19,25,27,29,33,38]. Benzophenone derivatives…”

تقدير اربعة مرشحات للأشعة الفوق بنفسجية في منتجات الوقاية من اشعة الشمس باستخدام جهاز الكروماتوجرام السائل عالي الأداء – كاشف الصمام الثنائي

“…Organic sunscreen agents in various cosmetic products were estimated using GC-MS [7] [8] . Simultaneous determination of organic UV filters was successively achieved by using HPLC-UV/DAD [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] . Sunscreens are regulated by The Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO) [23] .…”

QuEChERS and C18 as solid phase extraction sorbent - ultra-high performance liquid chromatography -ultraviolet-visible method for determination of parabens in cosmetics products

“…With regard to the analytical techniques for the determination of preservatives, reported methods for the determination of parabens are based on gas chromatography (GC) (Lin et al, 2000), capillary electrophoresis (CE) (Wang et al, 1998) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Borremans et al, 2004). Among those methods, reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with ultravioletvisible spectrophotometry (UV/Vis) (Kim et al, 2011;Piao et al, 2014), and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) (Moreta et al, 2015) detectors are the most commonly used. Among them, liquid chromatography (LC) has been the most common.…”