Simultaneous determination of lamivudine and zidovudine concentrations in human seminal plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Pereira, Arlene S.; Kenney, Kathryn B.; Cohen, Myron S.; Hall, James Edwin; Eron, Joseph J.; Tidwell, Richard R.; Dunn, John A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00162-6

Cited by 71 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The victim should be instructed to Consensus on Science Two LOE 5 animal studies 260,261 showed fair to good evidence that the application of pressure with an immobilization bandage causes further release of venom, even from already fired nematocysts.…”

Section: Treatment Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 13: First Aid

Markenson¹,

Ferguson²,

Chameides³

et al. 2010

Circulation

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The International First Aid Science Advisory Board identified 38 questions in first aid practice that had not been subjected to an evidence review process or that needed to be updated since the 2005 process. Two or more members of the International First Aid Science Advisory Board volunteered to independently review the scientific literature and complete an evidence-based review worksheet summarizing the literature (see Part 2 of this supplement for additional information). After the evidence was presented to the full board, a draft consensus summary of the scientific evidence and a draft consensus treatment recommendation were developed and represented at a subsequent meeting. Thus, each question, evidence-based review, draft summary of science, and draft treatment recommendation was presented and discussed on 2 separate occasions, and a Consensus on Science and Treatment Recommendation was reached by the Board. This document is a report of the group's consensus.As in 2005, the worksheets revealed the continuing paucity of scientific evidence to support specific first aid interventions. Very little research is being conducted in first aid, and most of the recommendations are extrapolations from research and experience in other medical venues, animal studies, and case series. It is hoped that this document will be a stimulus to future research in first aid. First Aid for Medical Emergencies SummaryThe medical questions addressed include poisoning, anaphylaxis, oxygen administration, and aspirin administration for a suspected coronary event.No changes were recommended for first aid management of acute poisoning.In reviewing epinephrine administration for anaphylaxis, evidence was found that laypeople and some medical and prehospital professionals are unable to recognize the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and therefore cannot, without training, make an independent decision to administer epinephrine with an auto-injector or to administer a second dose if the first is not effective. This issue takes on added importance in view of legislation in some jurisdictions that permits these actions.No evidence was found, except in decompression injuries, to support the routine administration of oxygen by first aid providers.The administration of aspirin to a victim experiencing chest discomfort is problematic. The literature is clear on the benefit of early administration of aspirin in an acute coronary event, except when there is a clear contraindication, such as aspirin allergy or a bleeding disorder. Less clear, however, is whether first aid providers can recognize the signs and symptoms of an acute Consensus on ScienceThere are no human studies on the effect of treating oral caustic exposure with dilution therapy. One in vitro LOE 5 chemistry study 2 demonstrated no benefit from the addition of large volumes of diluent to either a strong base or a strong acid. Five LOE 5 animal studies 3-7 demonstrated histological benefit to the esophagus when a diluent was administered following exposure to an alkali or acid. Treat...

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Section: Treatment Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 13: First Aid

Markenson¹,

Ferguson²,

Chameides³

et al. 2010

Circulation

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“…NRTIs ought not to penetrate the MGT because of lipid insolubility, yet NRTIs are the most penetrable ARV class, suggesting the involvement of drug sequestration or active transport (Reddy et al 2003;Taylor et al 2003a) (Table 2). Seminal zidovudine and lamivudine levels are twice that in blood (Henry et al 1988;Pereira et al 1999Pereira et al , 2000Reddy et al 2002). The observed seminal zidovudine level may result from drug binding to seminal protein (Anderson et al 2000).…”

Section: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (Nrtis)mentioning

confidence: 93%

Quantification of antiretroviral drugs for HIV-1 in the male genital tract: current data, limitations and implications for laboratory analysis

Chan

Ray

2007

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Antiretroviral therapy has reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1/AIDS in developed countries. Viral replication in blood plasma is suppressed by antiretroviral drugs, whereas virus in the male genital tract is genetically and phenotypically unique and may not be suppressed. This viral compartmentalization affects antiretroviral drug penetration of the male genital tract and capacity for antiretroviral therapy to reduce sexual transmission. The problem of having two distinct viral populations within any given individual is compounded by the fact that antiretroviral drugs penetrate semen to varying degrees. Incomplete suppression of genital tract virus may yield drugresistant virus and increase the risk of sexual transmission. This review critically appraises current studies of antiretroviral drug quantification in semen and suggests recommendations to address observed limitations.

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“…A few methods have been described for the simultaneous determination of LAM and ZDV, as binary mixtures, in biological samples and pharmaceutical dosage forms [3][4][5][6]. Most of the reported methods require solidphase extraction or expensive equipment unsuitable for routine use in pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical studies where many samples need to be analyzed.…”

Section: Trizivirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Abacavir, Lamivudine and Zidovudine in Pharmaceutical Tablets, Human Serum and in Drug Dissolution Studies by HPLC

Savaşer

Goraler

Taşöz

et al. 2007

Chroma

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A simple, accurate, precise and fully automated method for the simultaneous determination of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine in pharmaceutical tablets, human serum samples and drug dissolution studies has been developed. Separation was performed on a 5 lm Zorbax Ò C 18 column (150 · 4.6 mm ID) with methanol:water:phosphate buffer at pH 5.65 (80:10:10; v/v/v) isocratic elution in less than 7 min with a flow rate of 0.6 mL min )1 .Good sensitivity for all analytes was observed with UV detection at 275 nm. The method allowed quantitation over the 500-3,000 ng mL )1 range for abacavir and 500-5,000 ng mL )1 range for lamivudine and zidovudine. The method has been applied, without any interference from excipients or endogenous substances, for the simultaneous determination of these three compounds in tablets. Human serum and drug dissolution studies.

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Simultaneous determination of lamivudine and zidovudine concentrations in human seminal plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 71 publications

References 21 publications

Part 13: First Aid

Part 13: First Aid

Quantification of antiretroviral drugs for HIV-1 in the male genital tract: current data, limitations and implications for laboratory analysis

Determination of Abacavir, Lamivudine and Zidovudine in Pharmaceutical Tablets, Human Serum and in Drug Dissolution Studies by HPLC

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