Simultaneous determination of herbicide residues in tobacco using ultraperformance convergence chromatography coupled with solid‐phase extraction

Abstract

A time-saving and organic solvent efficient method to simultaneously determine six kinds of herbicide residues in tobacco using solid-phase extraction for sample clean-up and preconcentration and the highly sensitive ultraperformance convergence chromatography method was developed. Parameters for ultraperformance convergence chromatography, including the choice of stationary phase and modifiers, autobackpressure regulator pressure, column temperature, and the flow rate of mobile solvents, were optimized. The herbicide residues of napropamide, alachlor, quizalofop-ethyl, diphenamid, metolachlor, and clomazone in tobacco samples were successfully separated and detected at levels as low as 0.0043-0.0086 mg/kg within 5 min using a nonpolar high strength silica C18 selectivity for bases column and methanol as the cosolvent of the mobile phase of carbon dioxide (75-99.9%, v/v). Analysis of tobacco samples had recoveries of 69.8-95.0%, limit of quantitation of 0.0127-0.0245 mg/kg, limit of detection of 0.0043-0.0086 mg/kg, and correlation coefficient of >0.9990. Results support this method as an efficient alternative to current methodologies for the determination of herbicide residues in tobacco.

A New Method for Determination of Thymol and Carvacrol in Thymi herba by Ultraperformance Convergence Chromatography (UPC2)

“…Typically, the QC of herbal medicines is carried out by measuring the chemical markers present in the medicines. Ideally, chemical markers should be unique components that contribute to the therapeutic effects of a herbal medicine [3,4]. Pharmacological studies show that Thymus essential oil is the main active component of Thymi herba, which has anti-inflammatory [5][6][7], antioxidant [8], antitumor [9], and antithrombotic [10,11] activities.…”

“…Each method has its unique virtues and drawbacks. GC possesses high selectivity and fine sensitivity [4], but requires extraction of volatile oil [19], operates at high temperatures (40-220 • C), and can require up to 15 min to separate the components [20]. HPLC does not require the extraction of volatile oil, but requires large quantities of organic solvents or chemicals to be consumed, has difficulty in completely separating Thl and Cal, and can require up to 28-31 min to separate the components [21].…”

Simultaneous determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in reclaimed water using solid‐phase extraction followed by ultra‐performance convergence chromatography with photodiode array detection

“…In addition, SFC shows specific selectivity for the similar structure compounds by addition of typical organic modifiers used in reversed‐phase chromatography to CO 2 and diverse range of stationary phases . With the introduction of a new generation of SFC with ultra‐performance convergence chromatography (UPC 2 ), the analysis time and the usage of organic solvent could be drastically reduced . The fast and high‐throughput characteristics of UPC 2 provide the possibility to analyze large amount of water samples in a limited time.…”

Novel method for the rapid and specific extraction of multiple β2‐agonist residues in food by tailor‐made Monolith‐MIPs extraction disks and detection by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

“…However, in all the previously described analytical methods, a pretreatment for the selective enrichment of targets is necessary, especially in samples constituted with complex food matrix. Alternatively, during the sample preparation procedures, LLE , SPE , immune‐affinity chromatography , stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) , or integrated procedures were applied to remove the interference from the sample matrix. However, most of these methods are not suitable for on‐site detection because of the practical difficulties involving tedious and complex procedures or expensive and complex devices.…”