Simultaneous determination of extracellular volume and blood volume with the Volemetron

Planque, B.A. de; Geyskes, C.G.; Dongen, Robert van; Mees, E. J. Dorhout

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(65)90074-4

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…8 Blood volume was calculated from PV and whole body hematocrit. The 82 Br space was corrected for Donnan's equilibrium and erythrocyte 82 Br content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium balance in renal failure. A comparison of patients with normal subjects under extremes of sodium intake.

Koomans¹,

Roos²,

Mees³

et al. 1985

Hypertension

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SUMMARY To gain insight into the factors involved in the maintenance of sodium balance in patients with chronic renal failure, we studied 10 patients with a creatinine clearance of 11.5 ± 4.0 ml/min after equilibrium on 20 and 120 mEq of sodium per day. The measurements included blood pressure, plasma volume, blood volume, extracellular fluid volume, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and plasma norepinephrine. For comparison, eight normal volunteers were studied after equilibration on 20, 200, and 1128 mEq of sodium per day. The latter intake was chosen to match the high sodium intake per residual renal function in the patients. In the patients, equilibrium after raised sodium intake was accompanied by a marked increase in blood pressure and blood volume, a moderate fall in plasma renin activity and levels of aldosterone and norepinephrine, and only little expansion of the interstitial space. The 24-hour creatinine clearance rose by 21.2 ± 7.2%. Fractional sodium excretion (x 100%) was 5.3 ± 0.8% during the 120 mEq sodium diet. In the normal volunteers, increasing the sodium intake from 20 to 1128 mEq/day evoked no consistent change in blood pressure but caused a comparable rise in blood volume, considerable suppression of plasma renin activity, aldosterone, and norepinephrine, and a much larger increase in interstitial volume. Their creatinine clearance had risen by 22.4 ± 6.5%, and their fractional sodium excretion during the 1128 mEq sodium intake was 3.9 ± 0.2%. These results suggest that in normal subjects the maintenance of sodium balance over a wide range of sodium intake is particularly dependent on variations of neurohumoral influences on the kidney, while in patients with renal failure relatively large variations in arterial pressure are necessary as well. The marked difference in amount and distribution of the retained volume may be explained by a vasoconstrictive reaction to sodium loading in the patient group. (Hypertension 7: 714-721, 1985) KEY WORDS volume sodium loading renin • aldosterone hypertension • norepinephrine blood volume extracellular fluid

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“…8 Blood volume was calculated from PV and whole body hematocrit. The 82 Br space was corrected for Donnan's equilibrium and erythrocyte 82 Br content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium balance in renal failure. A comparison of patients with normal subjects under extremes of sodium intake.

Koomans¹,

Roos²,

Mees³

et al. 1985

Hypertension

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“…PV was measured as "'I-albumin distribution volume, as described elsewhere [6]. The percentage of free unbound iodine was less than 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, several studies [1][2][3] failed to confirm the expected decrease in plasma volume (PV) in the majority of nephrotic patients. It has been suggested that the method used (apparent distribution volume of labeled albumin) may not be an accurate index of PV because of increased excretion and catabolism in the kidney [5] or increased penetration into the extravascular space [6] of albumin. In view of these discrepancies and doubts about the validity of the method used, we report a large series of blood volume (BV) estimations in patients with the NS from various origins, with special attention to the possible sources in error in PV measure ment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and Blood Volumes in Patients with the Nephrotic Syndrome

Geers¹,

Koomans²,

Boer³

et al. 1984

Nephron

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In 88 patients with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) we estimated plasma volume (PV) with ¹³¹I-albumin (RISA) and calculated blood volume (BV) from PV and whole body hematocrit (Ht). To assess whether this method gives erroneously high values in the NS, the transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TER) and large vessel Ht/whole body Ht ratio (F-cell ratio) were measured in two subsets of these patients (n = 19 and 24, respectively). Although TER appeared to be increased and F-cell ratio slightly decreased in the NS as compared to normals, it could be calculated that overestimation of PV and BV from these sources will not exceed ± 1%. Taking these errors into account PV and BV appeared normal or increased in the NS (62.8 ± 9.6 and 94.9 ± 15.1 ml/kg vs. 56.0 ± 7.1 and 88.5 ± 10.1 ml/kg lean body mass in 51 normal controls). We conclude that PV can be measured reliably in the NS with ¹³¹I-albumin, and that even after appropriate corrections are made, PV and BV are normal or increased in most patients with the NS.

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“…Plasma volume and ECFV were measured as the l3lI-albumin and 82Br distribution volumes as described elsewhere [8], The 82Br space was corrected for penetration of bromide into red blood cells and for Donnan's equilibrium. Blood volume was calculated from plasma volume and whole-body hematocrit.…”

Section: Laboratorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowered Tissue-Fluid Oncotic Pressure Protects the Blood Volume in the Nephrotic Syndrome

Koomans¹,

Geers²,

Mees³

et al. 1986

Nephron

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We have studied the role of adjustments of tissue-fluid colloid osmotic pressure (COP) in the maintenance of the blood volume in 10 patients with the nephrotic sydrome before and after diuretic treatment until dry weight. A mean weight reduction of 13.5 ± 6.4 kg was attended by a fall in blood volume in 3 patients and no change in 6, but the final blood volume was within the normal range: 84.3 ± 3.7 ml/kg (normal value: 87.6 ± 8.8 ml/kg). Albumin content and COP of tissue-fluid, obtained with subcutaneous wicks, were low before edema removal and rose slightly after it, parallel to changes in the plasma. Thus, the transcapillary gradient in COP did not change: 6.5 ± 1.5 mm Hg before and 6.2 ± 1.7 mm Hg after diuretic treatment. Considering the low plasma COP, 8.6 ± 1.6 mm Hg in edematous and 11.7 ± 3.7 mm Hg in dry conditions, this gradient was only slightly below the value of about 10 mm Hg normally found with this technique. We conclude that a lowered tissue-fluid COP is important for the preservation of blood volume in dry patients with the nephrotic syndrome. In addition, this adaptation can explain why the blood volume is often normal and not expanded despite the sometimes huge overhydration in these patients.

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Simultaneous determination of extracellular volume and blood volume with the Volemetron

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Sodium balance in renal failure. A comparison of patients with normal subjects under extremes of sodium intake.

Sodium balance in renal failure. A comparison of patients with normal subjects under extremes of sodium intake.

Plasma and Blood Volumes in Patients with the Nephrotic Syndrome

Lowered Tissue-Fluid Oncotic Pressure Protects the Blood Volume in the Nephrotic Syndrome

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