Simultaneous determination of enrofloxacin and its primary metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in chicken tissues

García, María Ángeles; Solans, C.; Hernández, E. S.; Puig, Mariona; Bregante, M. A.

doi:10.1007/bf02492243

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recently, various immunoassays have also been developed for FQs, in which the analysis (without sample pretreatment) could usually be completed in 2-4 hr or even less. But, in general, these techniques still employ the same or similar sample pretreatments as those of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [5,6] and HPLCtandem mass spectrometry. [7] Samples are usually extracted with organic solvents or aqueous-organic mixtures in acid or basic media followed by time-consuming liquid-phase extraction (LPE), [8] liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), [9] and solid phase extraction (SPE) [10] as purification steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-sulfosalicylic Acid Dihydrate-Based Pretreatment for the Modification of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolones in Fishery Products

Cui

Lin

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry

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A simple, rapid sample extraction method for the determination of FQs was developed. Fishery samples were extracted with 2% of 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate and the extracts were analyzed directly without any further purification or clean-up procedures. The FQs were determined with standards of 2% of 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate in the concentration range of 0.1-25.6 μg L(-1), and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μg L(-1). The matrix interference originated from fishery samples was eliminated by 2% of 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate and did not interact with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled IgG in western blotting. No significant matrix interference was observed as samples extracted with 2% of 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate. Recoveries of FQs in fishery muscle were between 72.37-94.35% in the concentrations range of 10-50 μg kg(-1).This extraction procedure was much rapider and simpler to conventional ELISA extraction procedure and could be used as a time-saving and cost-effective method for FQs monitoring in fishery samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-sulfosalicylic Acid Dihydrate-Based Pretreatment for the Modification of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolones in Fishery Products

Cui

Lin

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry

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“…High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most frequently employed technique in the determination of ENRO and CIPRO in biological fluids (Ovando et al, 1999;Yang et al, 2005), tissues (Gigosos et al, 2000;Garcia et al, 2001;Ovando et al, 2004;Verdon et al, 2005) and dosage forms (Samanidou et al, 2005a) with fluorescence, photodiode array and mass spectrometric detectors. Polymeric stationary phases (Yorke & Froc, 2000;Chu et al, 2002) and octadecyl stationary phases (Horie et al, 1994;Strelevitz & Linhares, 1996;Gorla et al, 1997;Ramos et al, 2003) have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrofloxacin assay validation and pharmacokinetics following a single oral dose in chickens

Silva

Reyes

Sartori

et al. 2006

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin (ENRO), a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, was studied in male broiler chickens (Cobb) after single oral administration of 10 mg of ENRO/kg b.w. A high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (DAD) (HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated and used for quantitation of ENRO and its major metabolite ciprofloxacin in plasma. The HPLC analyses were carried out using a cationic-octadecyl mixed column and 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)/acetonitrile as mobile phase. The sample preparation of plasma consisted of the precipitation of proteins followed by solid phase extraction on cationic-octadecyl mixed cartridges. The method was validated considering linear range, linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ for both fluoroquinolones were 60 and 200 ng/mL for plasma. The plasma concentration vs. time graph was characteristic of a two-compartment open model. The maximal plasma concentration of 1.5 +/- 0.2 mg/mL was achieved at 9 +/- 2 h. The elimination half-life and the mean residence time of ENRO were 1.5 +/- 0.2 and 15.64 h, respectively. The area under the concentration-time curve was calculated as 35 +/- 4 mgxh/mL.

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“…In several animal species, including pigs, enrofloxacin (ENRO) is de-ethylated to its primary metabolite, ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), 2 and both ENRO and CIPRO are found in the bile and urine of animals receiving ENRO. 3 Several analytical techniques have been used for the determination of ENRO and CIPRO (Table 1), including liquid chromatography, [4][5][6][7] capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection, 8 and molecularly imprinted matrix solid-phase dispersion. 9 Electrochemical methods, such as polarography and voltammetry, have high sensitivity and are widely used in many areas of analytical chemistry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin in Urine and Plasma Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Least-Squares Support Vector Machines

et al. 2010

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803Fluoroquinolones are a class of synthetic antibacterial agents, which are known for their broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. These compounds are derived from nalidixic acid and naphthyridine derivatives, which have been introduced for clinical applications in the livestock and farming industries.1 In this work, two important fluoroquinolones, namely enrofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-7-(4-ethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolonecarboxylic acid) and ciprofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-7-(1-piperazinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid), were investigated and quantitatively analyzed by voltammetric methods. In several animal species, including pigs, enrofloxacin (ENRO) is de-ethylated to its primary metabolite, ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), 2 and both ENRO and CIPRO are found in the bile and urine of animals receiving ENRO. Electrochemical methods, such as polarography and voltammetry, have high sensitivity and are widely used in many areas of analytical chemistry.Recently, cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry on a static mercury drop electrode and principal-component regression have been applied for the determination of ENRO in the presence of CIPRO 10 at trace levels. However, the linear dynamic range of the method is too narrow, and the toxicity of mercury (as an electrode) has caused its application in routine laboratories to decline. At more negative potentials, many biological compounds are adsorbed on the surface of the Hg-electrode, diminishing the selectivity of the method. 10 On the other hand, simultaneous voltammetric determinations of ENRO and CIPRO have not been reported, since ENRO affects the oxidation potential of CIPRO and vice versa. Therefore, the direct determination of CIPRO in the presence of ENRO is not possible by univariate calibration methods.In this work, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) used for the first time with a multiwall carbon nanotubes/glassy carbon electrode (MWCNT/GCE) provides a sensitive method for the determination of ENRO or CIPRO in the presence of the other without any pretreatment or separation. When MWCNT/GCE is used as a working electrode in the voltammetric method, ENRO affects the oxidation potential of CIPRO, whereas CIPRO does not affect that of ENRO. Because it was possible to measure ENRO without any interfering effect of CIPRO, a least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) model was constructed in this study to relate a CIPRO voltammogram to its concentration. The model predicts CIPRO concentration in both spiked human plasma and pharmaceutical samples. The proposed methodology is fast and simple, while it does not generate hazardous chemical wastes. Theory of Least Square Support Vector RegressionSupport vector machines (SVMs) based on statistical learning theory were introduced by Cortes and Vapnik.11 LS-SVMs are an alternate formulation of SVM described by Suykens et al. 12 Here, we only briefly describe the theory of LS-SVM. Linear least-squares models fit a linear relation between the spectrum xi and the reference va...

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Simultaneous determination of enrofloxacin and its primary metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in chicken tissues

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

5-sulfosalicylic Acid Dihydrate-Based Pretreatment for the Modification of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolones in Fishery Products

5-sulfosalicylic Acid Dihydrate-Based Pretreatment for the Modification of Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolones in Fishery Products

Enrofloxacin assay validation and pharmacokinetics following a single oral dose in chickens

Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin in Urine and Plasma Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Least-Squares Support Vector Machines

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