Simultaneous determination of copper and lead in seawater using optimised thin-mercury film electrodes in situ plated in thiocyanate media

Carapuça, Helena M.; Monterroso, Sandra C. C.; Rocha, Luciana S.; Duarte, Armando C.

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.018

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…35,36 This electrode offers a large surface area to volume ratio that provides a higher amalgam concentration during the deposition step, resulting in higher plating efficiency. In addition, the diffusion from the bulk of the film to the surface is very fast resulting in superior sensitivity and selectivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous monitoring of toxic metals on white poplar (populus) by SWASV

Silva¹,

Lopes²,

Leitão³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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foi utilizada na determinação simultânea de quantidades traço dos metais tóxicos Pb(II), Cd(II) e Cu(II) em folhas de choupo (populus), utilizadas como bio-indicador, recolhidas numa área de tráfego automóvel intenso da cidade de Lisboa. As folhas, após secagem, foram submetidas a um processo de digestão ácida por microondas. Para a aplicação desta técnica à análise das folhas foi realizado um estudo de optimização dos vários parâmetros voltamétricos. O eletrodo de trabalho consistiu num filme de mercúrio depositado numa superfície de carbono vítreo. O sistema Ag/AgCl foi utilizado como referência e um fio de Platina como eletrodo auxiliar. Concentrações médias (em mg de metal/kg de matéria seca -folhas) de 2,6, 0,18 e 5,0 foram obtidas para o Pb(II), o Cd(II) e o Cu(II), respectivamente. O valor obtido para o chumbo coincide com o obtido pelo método de referência baseado na Espectrofotometria de Absorção Atômica em Forno de Grafite (EAAFG).Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) was applied to the simultaneous determination of trace amounts of toxic metals Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) in white poplar (populus) leaves, used as bio indicator and gathered in a chosen area of the city of Lisbon with very high traffic intensity. The leaves were dried and subsequently exposed to an acid digestion microwave process. Square wave parameters were optimized for the voltammetric analysis of the samples. The working electrode consisted of a thin mercury film (TMFE) deposited on the surface of vitreous carbon. The pair Ag/AgCl was used as the reference electrode and a Pt wire as the auxiliary electrode. Average concentrations (in mg of metal/kg of dry matter-leaves) of 2.6, 0.18, and 5.0 were obtained for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II), respectively. The value for lead coincides with the one obtained by the reference method based on Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (GFAAS).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous monitoring of toxic metals on white poplar (populus) by SWASV

Silva¹,

Lopes²,

Leitão³

et al. 2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…This yields a very thin mercury film with a high metal concentration and has the advantage of improved sensitivity. However, poor mechanical stability and reproducibility of the mercury deposition are frequent problems [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diffusion of small molecules/ions is frequently hindered, which leads to limited sensitivity of the voltammetric determinations and/or lack of reproducibility and repeatability of the electrode preparation because of the preparation procedures [11,19]. An optimized methodology has been reported for the determination of lead and cadmium in natural waters, using a mercury thin-film produced in-situ in the presence of thiocyanate at different pH levels and accumulating at very negative potentials [10,21,22]. But, Cu(II) strongly interfered with Pb(II) when making Hg(II) thin-film electrode in-situ [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An optimized methodology has been reported for the determination of lead and cadmium in natural waters, using a mercury thin-film produced in-situ in the presence of thiocyanate at different pH levels and accumulating at very negative potentials [10,21,22]. But, Cu(II) strongly interfered with Pb(II) when making Hg(II) thin-film electrode in-situ [10]. However, weak mechanical stability and poor reproducibility and repeatability of the mercury deposition are frequent problems, because the electrodes could not be reused without renewing the mercury surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Sensitive Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Cd, Zn and Pb Ions in Water Samples Using Stable Carbon‐Based Mercury Thin‐Film Electrode

2010

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A new carbon-based mercury thin-film electrode consisting of screen-printed carbon on a low temperature co-fired ceramic substrate was made. Ex-situ mercury deposition in a potassium thiocyanate solution was used. This approach an electrode with high long-term stability (> 500 measurement cycles) and reproducibility ( 2 %) for sensitive determination of ultra trace heavy metals, using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The detection limits were 0.25, 0.08 and 5.5 ng mL À1 for Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II), respectively. The method was applied to the determination of the analytes in water, wastewater, lake water, and certified reference material samples with satisfactory results.

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“…Mercury-based electrodes, especially mercury-film electrodes, have been widely used in anodic stripping voltammetry [16,17] for cadmium determination [18]. The formation of an amalgam enables the analyte to be accumulated in the mercury film, thus providing the stripping with high sensitivity and reproducibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Square Wave Voltammetry for Analytical Determination of Cadmium in Natural Water Using Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-Modified Platinum Electrode

Mhammedi¹,

Achak²,

Bakasse³

2010

AJAC

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This paper reports on the development of a novel electrochemical assay for cadmium (II) in natural water, which involves the use of disposable hydroxyapatite modified platinum electrode (HAP/Pt). Cadmium (II) was preconcentrated on the surface of the modified electrode and adsorbed onto HAP and oxidized at E = -680 mV. The HAP-modified platinum electrode exhibited superior performance in comparison to the platinum electrode and surprisingly, yielded a higher electrochemical response. The best defined anodic peak was obtained with 0.2 mol L -1 KNO 3 pH 5.0 after 25 min of accumulation time. Using these conditions, the calibration plot was linear over the range 1 × 10 −8 to 5 × 10 −6 mol L -1 Cd 2+ . The precision was examined by carrying out eight replicate measurements at a concentration of 2.5 × 10 −5 mol L -1 ; the coefficient of variation was 2.9%. The method was applied to the determination of the analyte in river water samples. The interfereence of other metal ions on the voltammetric response of Cd(II) was studied. The HAP films was clearly observed in the SEM images and characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and chemical analysis.

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Simultaneous determination of copper and lead in seawater using optimised thin-mercury film electrodes in situ plated in thiocyanate media

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Simultaneous monitoring of toxic metals on white poplar (populus) by SWASV

Simultaneous monitoring of toxic metals on white poplar (populus) by SWASV

Highly Sensitive Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Cd, Zn and Pb Ions in Water Samples Using Stable Carbon‐Based Mercury Thin‐Film Electrode

Square Wave Voltammetry for Analytical Determination of Cadmium in Natural Water Using Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2-Modified Platinum Electrode

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