Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine and Pyridoxine in Energy Drinks using Differential Pulse Voltammetry at Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Nafion®

Abstract

A new voltammetric method for simultaneous determination of caffeine and pyridoxine present in different types of commercial energy drinks has been developed. This electroanalytical method is based on anodic oxidation of these biologically active nitrogen‐containing heterocycles at glassy carbon electrode covered with thin layer of sulfonated fluoropolymer Nafion® using differential pulse voltammetry in 0.1 M Britton‐Robinson buffer of pH 4.5 at potential step 5 mV, potential amplitude 70 mV, and scan rate 50 mV/s. Linear ranges for caffeine and pyridoxine determination were 63.1–600 μM and 7.5–200 μM with the detection limits of 18.9 and 2.2 μM, respectively. It was validated using high‐performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric detection. Obtained results have shown that voltammetric approach is very simple and low‐cost analytical method which can be used for routine determination of caffeine and pyridoxine in energy drinks.

Four Novel Lanthanide(III) Metal–Organic Frameworks: Tunable Light Emission and Multiresponsive Luminescence Sensors for Vitamin B6 and Pesticides

“…Vitamin B 6 (VB 6 ), as one of the important biological coenzymes, participates in more than 100 metabolic reactions in connection with amino acids, fats, and glucose. , It also takes part in the formation of red blood cells, supporting the immune and nervous system, and brain development for pregnancy and infancy. , It is worth noting that VB 6 deficiency can cause dermatitis, anemia, and neurological disorders including confusion, weakness, and depression. Therefore, it is significant to accurately detect VB 6 . , Currently, the detecting procedures for VB 6 mainly focus on electrochemistry, reverse-phase liquid chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography .…”

“…23,24 It also takes part in the formation of red blood cells, supporting the immune and nervous system, and brain development for pregnancy and infancy. 25,26 It is worth noting that VB 6 deficiency can cause dermatitis, anemia, and neurological disorders including confusion, weakness, and depression. Therefore, it is significant to accurately detect VB 6 .…”

Electrochemical determination of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) by reformed carbon paste electrode with iron oxide nanoparticles

“…It needs our body about 13 vitamins; eight of them construct the water soluble of a group B vitamins. One of such things is vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) which acts as antioxidant, aids in the metabolism of protein, helps in neurotransmitters and hemoglobin production [2,3]; may improve mood by reducing depression symptoms [4][5][6][7]; may be useful in treating symptoms of PMS [8]; handles nausea during pregnancy [9], promotes eye health for preventing eye diseases [10][11][12][13][14]; reduces Alzheimer's [15][16][17], heart disease [18][19][20][21], and cancer risks [22,23]; and may treat inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis [24][25][26][27]. Vitamin B 6 -rich foods are chickpeas, turkey, fish (salmon, tuna), starchy vegetables, potatoes, bananas, meats, organ meats, fortified cereals, and whole grains [28].…”

An adsorptive stripping voltammetric study based on disposable pencil graphite sensor for the determination of caffeine in local brand ice tea

“…CAF was discovered in 1819 by the German chemist Friedich Ferdinand Runge [3]. It affects the central nervous system and accelerates the messages to and from the brain [4]. CAF has some physiological effects on human metabolisms, such as increasing blood pressure [5], stimulating the respiratory system [6], and being diuretic [7].…”