Simultaneous Determination of Anionic, Amphoteric and Cationic Surfactants Mixtures in Surface Water

Abstract

A simple, reliable and accurate HPLC/CAD method was developed for the determination of anionic (sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and sodium 1-dodecane sulfonate), amphoteric (CHAPS (3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonium]-1-propanesulfonate hydrate)) and cationic (benzethonium chloride) surfactants mixture from surface water samples. The chromatographic analysis was performed on an Acclaim Surfactant Plus (150 x 3.0 mm, 3 mm d.p.) column acquired from Thermo Scientific, kept at 300C. All experiments were performed in gradient elution conditions at a flow-rate of 0.6 mL/min. Mobile phase composition was a mixture of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1 M ammonium acetate solution acidified to pH 5 with acetic acid (B). The limit of detection (LD) were 20 mg/L for anionic surfactants and 30 mg/L for cationic and amphoteric surfactants. The calibration curves were linear between 15 mg/L � 110 mg/L, with R2 values above 0.992 for all surfactants. Solid phase extraction (SPE) using polymeric (Strata X) cartridges has been applied to extract and concentrate the target analytes from the synthetic samples. Surfactants recoveries after SPE procedure were situated between 91.5�94.6%. Intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD%) were situated between 4.0 � 7.7% and 7.5 � 11.7%, respectively. Limit of quantitation (LQ) was lower than 80 mg/L for anionic surfactants and 90 mg/L for cationic and 100 mg/L for amphoteric surfactants. The new sensitive and selective HPLC/CAD developed method allows simultaneous determination of anionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants mixture from environmental samples (surface water).

Environmental Detection of Brilliant Blue, Sunset Yellow and Tartrazine Using Direct Injection HPLC-DAD Technique

“…Considering the significant polarity and water solubility of all three target compounds (Brilliant Blue -log Kow = -4.94, solubility 30 g/L; Sunset Yellow -log Kow = -1.18, solubility 190 g/L; Tartrazine -log Kow = -10.17, solubility 200 g/L) which are mainly given by the sulfonic groups present in their structures, it was decided to separate these compounds using a chromatographic column (Acclaim Surfactant Plus) usually dedicated for surfactants which also contain fully ionized groups polar moieties (SO3 -, NH4 + and so on) [16].…”

Determination of Hypoglycemic Agents in Surface Water Samples Using SPE-LC-MS/MS Method

“…The physical/chemical properties of selected compounds are presented in In Romania, data on the presence of antidiabetics in surface waters, intended for the production of drinking water, are not available. In general, environmental studies on pharmaceutical contaminants have focused on the following chemical classes: antibiotics (macrolides, sulfonamides, quinolones, penicillin's, tetracyclines), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antiepileptics, lipid regulators [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Also, multiple studies have been carried out for the emerging contaminants of the type of metallic elements present in the environmental components which are not regulated in the national environmental legislation [31,32].…”

The Romanian Map of Organic Pollution from Domestic Wastewaters � Seasonal Variations of Anionic Surfactants And Organic Load (COD)

“…In spite of the fact that these types of surfactants are reasonably aerobically degradable and not particularly toxic at low concentrations,but at higher concentration (in the range of 15-30 mg/L) they could be harmful for the aquatic environment [12][13][14]. The presence of surfactants in various ecosystems affects the environment by changing his physical and chemical properties [15]. Moreover, in the untreated industrial wastewaters the concentration of AS get up to 1000mg/L [16], so they could be harmful for different types of organisms or affect their endocrine balance.…”