Simultaneous Determination of Abamectin and Closantel in Veterinary Formulation by Validated HPLC Method

Abstract

A rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of both abamectin and closantel in the veterinary formulation. The chromatographic separation was conducted on an Agilent 1200 with a UV detector using Waters C18 (4.6 mm × 50 mm; 2.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile:water (80:20 v/v) adjusts pH 3.0 using diluted phosphoric acid. The flow rate of 1.5 mL min−1 was used. An injection volume of 10 μL was used The calibration curve of abamectin B1b was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.9996; over a concentration range of 2.0–8.0 μg/mL, abamectin B1a was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.9997; over a concentration range of 8.0–32.0 μg/mL; with a retention time of 2.18 and 3.72 minutes for avermectin B1b and avermectin B1a, respectively. While the calibration curve of closantel was linear with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0.99929; over a concentration range of 250.0–1,000.0 μg/mL for; with a retention time of 5.84 minutes. Correlation coefficient was r2 ≥ 0.999. The relative standard deviation was found to be ≤ 2. The proposed method was validated and successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of abamectin and closantel in the veterinary formulation.

Room-Temperature, Ionic-Liquid-Enhanced, Beta-Cyclodextrin-Based, Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Selective Extraction of Abamectin

“…ABM has acute toxicity to both non-target and target organisms [ 32 ], causing neurological impairment in animals, minimizing immunity to enzymatic activities, and being genotoxic and hepatotoxic in human hepatocyte cells [ 33 ], and it is also pest resistant [ 34 , 35 ]. Previously, different methods were developed for ABM-detection, such as high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC–UV) [ 36 ], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [ 37 ] liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) [ 38 ], and high-performance liquid chromatography–fluorescent detection (HPLC–FLD) [ 39 ], but such methods lack precision or selectivity, or they exhibit laborious, pre-treatment techniques, and they have limited application to specific samples. The objective of this work was to develop a selective extraction method for ABM with β-CD-based MIPs, while enhancing performance by using an ionic liquid which has not been previously reported for use with abamectin.…”