Simultaneous determination of a wide spectrum of pesticides in water by means of fast on-line SPE-HPLC-MS-MS—a novel approach

Abstract

A new system has been developed for rapid on-line SPE-LC-MS-MS analysis of a wide spectrum of trace level pesticides in drinking and surface water. The system employs a serial arrangement of I',,vo different turbulent flow columns (TFC; polymer based column in front, carbon based column back) for rapid extraction (Turbulent flow solid phase extraction; TFSPE) from small sample volumes (10 mL) at high flow rates (5 mL min 1). Purely organic eluent is used for TFC elution, and the effluent is re-mixed with water in a mixing chamber in front of the HPLC column to provide efficient analyte focusing. This methodology allows to use a short monolithic LC column for the following fast on-line LC-APCI-MS-MS analysis.This approach gives quantitative results for nearly 30 pesticide species (triazines, phenyl ureas, organophosphorous pesticides and others) in less than 14 min and, thus, allows considerably increased sample throughput. The method is well reproducible, robust and extremely sensitive achieving detection limits bef,,veen 0.1 and 1 ng L 1.As the comparison of internal and external calibration methods showed, potential matrix effects on the qualily of the results are managed by the method in a very effective manner.Real pesticide concentrations determined in drinking water and surface water samples showed significant temporal variations but were constantly below the concentration limit for individual pollutants of 100 ng L 1.

Determination of Atrazine and Simazine in Environmental Water Samples by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction with High Performance Liquid Chromatography

“…[6][7][8][9] Recently, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), amperometric immunosensor, and adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination were developed for the analysis of atrazine and simazine, [10][11][12][13] yet HPLC is still the robust technology for the analysis of such herbicides.…”

The application of CE‐MS in the trace analysis of environmental pollutants and food contaminants

“…Although it is well known that the most common technique to separate and to determine these above-cited herbicides is GC-MS or even more recently HPLC-MS [40] it is a fact that the hydroxy-degradation products cannot be easily determined directly by GC because of their high polarity and non-volatility. So, HPLC and CE have been shown to be good alternative techniques for the analysis of these triazines and their hydroxyl degradation products [41][42][43].…”

Application of Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography to the Analysis of Some Pesticide Residues in Apple Juice

“…Although it is characterized by lower sensitivity than GC-MS and LC-MS and is not normally used for the analysis of complex samples, HPLC combined with ultraviolet (UV) and/or Diode Array Detector (DAD) is used for the determination of organophosphorus and triazines in different matrices (Rodriguez-Cuesta et al 2005, Sanchez-Ortega et al 2005, Baranowska et al 2005, Texeira et al 2004, Melo et al 2005. The pretreatment of samples involves several extraction and purification steps utilizing the following procedures: Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) (Jeannot et al 2009), Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) (Topuz et al 2005, Koal et al 2003, Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (LLME) (Cunha et al 2009), Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) (Kong, 2009, Hercegová andMőder 2011), Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion (MSPD) (Chua et al 2005) and recently used, a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method (Zanella et al 2013).…”