“…3,11,12 Despite the pronounced reproducibility and sensitivity inherent to these techniques, the majority entail protracted steps of extraction, concentration, and enrichment, often entailing substantial employment of organic solvents, which may precipitate secondary contamination. 13,14 Furthermore, the acquisition, operation, and upkeep costs associated with equipment like ASE and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) instruments are prohibitively elevated. The assembly and disassembly of ASE apparatus is equally a time-intensive endeavor.…”