Simultaneous Determination of 4-Nonylphenol and Bisphenol A in Sewage Sludge

Meesters, Roland J.W.; Schröder, Hanna

doi:10.1021/ac011258q

Cited by 155 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…BPA is released into the environment mainly via two ways: sewage treatment effluent [12,13] and landfill leachate [14]. In the aquatic ecosystems, pollutants spread very quickly and have far-reaching consequences and particular attention should be paid to BPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growth Behavior of Chlorella vulgaris in Bisphenol a under different Cultural Conditions

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

J Environ Anal Toxicol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growth Behavior of Chlorella vulgaris in Bisphenol a under different Cultural Conditions

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

J Environ Anal Toxicol

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“…Among them, 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), 4-nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) deserve particular attention because of their estrogenic activity, widespread application and ubiquity in environment (Kuch and Ballschmiter, 2001;Petrovi c and Barcel o, 2001; Lee and Peart, 2002;Meesters and Schr€ oder, 2002). There is evidence that OP and NP can cause estrogenic effects in fish and other aquatic organisms (Jobling et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A in surface waters from the Haihe River in Tianjin by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring

et al. 2004

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The estrogenic pollutants 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), 4-nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) were determined in surface water samples from the Haihe River, Tianjin, China. The analytes were extracted and concentrated from 300 ml acidified water samples by liquid-liquid extractions using dichloromethane, derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride, and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with selected ion monitoring (SIM). Among the samples collected from 14 sampling sites, only one sample was found to have a relatively high concentration of BPA (8.30 lg l À1 ) and NP (0.55 lg l À1 ). The concentrations of OP, NP and BPA in the other samples were in the range of 18.0-20.2, 106-296 and 19.1-106 ng l À1 , respectively. Recoveries for OP, NP and BPA in the spiked water samples were all over 80%.

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“…In order to demonstrate further the identity of the metabolites and the o353NHQ, GC-tandem MS (MS/MS)-selective reaction monitoring (SRM) analyses were performed by means of a Finnigan MAT GCQ gas chromatograph described previously (17). Two-microliter split injections (1:10) were carried out.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GC separation was performed on a Valcobond VB-5 fused-silica capillary column (0.25-m film thickness, 60 m by 0.25 mm; VICI). Temperature and gas conditions used for analyses were as described previously (17). The positive-electron-impact full-scan data were acquired under the following conditions: ion source temperature, 200°C; mass range, m/z 30 to 450; scan time, 1.76 s; mass resolution (M/⌬M), 500; solvent delay, 8 min; electron energy, 70 eV; emission current, 250 A; and electron multiplier voltage, 1,750 V. In the MS/MS-SRM mode, the formation of product ions generated from selected parent ions was monitored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of a Nonylphenol Single Isomer by Sphingomonas sp. Strain TTNP3 Leads to a Hydroxylation-Induced Migration Product

Corvini

Meesters

Schäffer

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 degrades 4(3,5-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-phenol and unidentified metabolites that were described previously. The chromatographic analyses of the synthesized reference compound and the metabolites led to their identification as 2(3,5-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-1,4-benzenediol. This finding indicates that the nonylphenol metabolism of this bacterium involves unconventional degradation pathways where an NIH shift mechanism occurs.Nonylphenol (NP) is a ubiquitous pollutant which mainly results from the biodegradation of widely used NP polyethoxylate surfactants, and it is well known for its endocrine systemdisrupting potential (5,8,11,13,20,21). NP is used as part of a technical mixture which consists of more than 20 branched isomers of the nonyl chain (23, 28). Although some studies report an easy degradation of the NP with a linear alkyl chain (4-n-NP) through oxidation of the side chain, the situation is different for branched isomers of NP (2,25,26). The main reason for the poor degradability of NP is a quaternary carbon atom (␣-carbon) of the branched alkyl chain, which is involved in the attachment of the nonyl group to the phenol moiety. More than 85% of the isomers of the technical mixture contain such quaternary ␣-carbon atoms (26, 28). Some strains belonging to the genera Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, and Pseudomonas have been reported to be able to degrade the branched isomers of NP, but the catabolic pathways in these bacteria remain poorly characterized (6,7,18,19,21,24).Previously, it was proven that the dead-end product of the degradation of 4(3Ј,5Ј-dimethyl-3Ј-heptyl)-phenol (p353NP) diastereomers is 3,5-dimethyl-3-heptanol (nonanol). This metabolite corresponds to the nonyl chain of p353NP, where the aromatic ring has been replaced by a hydroxyl group (3). It remains to be elucidated how the very stable quaternary C atom structure of NP can lead to the formation of nonanol. Nonanol has been found only in cultures of Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3 and Sphingomonas cloacae, so these bacteria seem to possess particular degradation pathways for NP (3,6,21). Recently, it was reported that neither 4-n-NP nor shortchain alkylphenols were degraded by Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3, whereas the diastereomers of the branched single isomer p353NP (Fig. 1) led to the formation of ring-oxidized metabolites (4). Ring-oxidized metabolites were detected only in the intracellular fraction and were shown to be different from 4(3Ј,5Ј-dimethyl-3Ј-heptyl)-catechol (Fig. 1b) and 4(3Ј,5Ј-dimethyl-3Ј-heptyl)-resorcinol (Fig. 1c), hydroxylated at positions C-2 and C-3 (Fig. 1), respectively. We hypothesize the formation of metabolites which undergo either hydroxylation with an alkyl chain internal rearrangement, as is the case for bisphenol A (14), or hydroxylation-induced migration of the alkyl chain immediately after hydroxylation at position C-4. The latter process would lead to the formation of 2(3Ј,5Ј-dimethyl-3Ј-heptyl)-1,4-benzenediol (o353NHQ) (Fig. 1d). In order to identify definitively these metabolites ...

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Simultaneous Determination of 4-Nonylphenol and Bisphenol A in Sewage Sludge

Cited by 155 publications

References 24 publications

The Growth Behavior of Chlorella vulgaris in Bisphenol a under different Cultural Conditions

The Growth Behavior of Chlorella vulgaris in Bisphenol a under different Cultural Conditions

Determination of 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A in surface waters from the Haihe River in Tianjin by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring

Degradation of a Nonylphenol Single Isomer by Sphingomonas sp. Strain TTNP3 Leads to a Hydroxylation-Induced Migration Product

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