Simultaneous bio-functionalization and reduction of graphene oxide by baker's yeast

Khanra, Partha; Kuila, Tapas; Kim, Nam Hoon; Bae, Seon Hyeong; Yu, Dongsheng; Lee, Joong Hee

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.12.075

Cited by 264 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 2, a UV-Vis spectrum shows that pure GO shows two absorption peaks: one at ,230 nm, presumably due to the π → π* transition of the C−C bonds, and another shoulder at ,300 nm corresponds to the n → π* transition of the C=O bonds. [45][46][47] While reducing by BME, the plasma peak gradually red-shifts to 260 nm, suggesting that GO is reduced and the electronic conjugation within graphene sheets is restored upon BME reduction, reflecting increased π-electron concentration and structural ordering, which is consistent with the restoration of sp 2 carbon and possible rearrangement of atoms. 48,49 Similar features and trends were observed for the reduction of GO with l-ascorbic acid 26,50 and l-cysteine.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Oxidative stress-mediated antibacterial activity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Gurunathan¹,

Han²,

Dayem³

et al. 2012

IJN

725

511

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Background: Graphene holds great promise for potential use in next-generation electronic and photonic devices due to its unique high carrier mobility, good optical transparency, large surface area, and biocompatibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this work, we used a novel reducing agent, betamercaptoethanol (BME), for synthesis of graphene to avoid the use of toxic materials. To uncover the impacts of GO and rGO on human health, the antibacterial activity of two types of graphene-based material toward a bacterial model P. aeruginosa was studied and compared. Methods: The synthesized GO and rGO was characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, particle-size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Further, to explain the antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, we employed various assays, such as cell growth, cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation, and DNA fragmentation. Results: Ultraviolet-visible spectra of the samples confirmed the transition of GO into graphene. Dynamic light-scattering analyses showed the average size among the two types of graphene materials. X-ray diffraction data validated the structure of graphene sheets, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy was employed to investigate the morphologies of prepared graphene. Raman spectroscopy data indicated the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups from the surface of GO and the formation of graphene. The exposure of cells to GO and rGO induced the production of superoxide radical anion and loss of cell viability. Results suggest that the antibacterial activities are contributed to by loss of cell viability, induced oxidative stress, and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion:The antibacterial activities of GO and rGO against P. aeruginosa were compared. The loss of P. aeruginosa viability increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Exposure to GO and rGO induced significant production of superoxide radical anion compared to control. GO and rGO showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species, leading to cell death, which was further confirmed through resulting nuclear fragmentation. The data presented here are novel in that they prove that GO and rGO are effective bactericidal agents against P. aeruginosa, which would be used as a future antibacterial agent.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Oxidative stress-mediated antibacterial activity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Gurunathan¹,

Han²,

Dayem³

et al. 2012

IJN

725

511

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(Lim et al, 2012;Bykkam et al, 2013); plant pathogen e.g., Xanthomonas oryzae and against fungi e.g., C. albicans and C. tropical (Li et al, 2013). Also several studies demonstrated and developed an environment friendly, cost effective, simple method and green approaches for the reduction of GO using microbial cells such as E. coli, Shewanella and Yeast (Gurunathan et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2011;Khanra et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide as Antimicrobial Against Two Gram-Positive and Two Gram-Negative Bacteria in Addition to One Fungus

Al‐Thani¹,

Patan²,

Al-Maadeed³

2014

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Graphene based materials have wide potential applications in biology, biomedical, agriculture environmental and biotechnology. Graphene Oxide (GO) is one of those materials and has a promising substance as antimicrobial agents. GO in this study was prepared by a modified Hummers method and was characterized by different techniques for confirmation of formation of GO. To study the antimicrobial activities of GO, it was tested against these microorganisms, one eukaryotic fungus (Candida albicans, C. albicans) two Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 41570 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) ATCC 25619) and two Gram positive bacteria (Streptococcus faecalis (S. faecalis) ATCC 19433 and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 11632). Anti-microbial activity of GO was detected by spectrophotometer as indirect method to measure the growth and viable cell count as direct method. Readings were taken at successive incubated times. Results revealed that GO has antibacterial and anti-fungal activity against microorganisms used in this study. In conculosion the developed GO exhibit excellent antimicrobial property and GO affects more on Gram positive bacteria than Gram negative bacteria and fungi.

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confidence: 99%

“…6,26 Besides, chemical oxidation-reduction methods often use toxic reducing agents for π-π stacking of graphene to form a graphitic structure. 6,7,26 The most commonly used chemical-reducing agents are hydrous hydrazine, hydrazine monohydrate, sodium borohydride, and hydrogen sulfide, which are highly toxic and harmful to living organisms and the environment. 6,9,[26][27][28] To overcome the aggregation and solubility problems, several polymers or surfactants have been used such as poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate), 29 alkaline conditions, 30 poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), 31 and poly(allylamine).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of graphene oxide by resveratrol: a novel and simple biological method for the synthesis of an effective anticancer nanotherapeutic molecule

Gurunathan¹,

Han²,

Kim³

et al. 2015

IJN

154

129

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Objective Graphene represents a monolayer or a few layers of sp 2 -bonded carbon atoms with a honeycomb lattice structure. Unique physical, chemical, and biological properties of graphene have attracted great interest in various fields including electronics, energy, material industry, and medicine, where it is used for tissue engineering and scaffolding, drug delivery, and as an antibacterial and anticancer agent. However, graphene cytotoxicity for ovarian cancer cells is still not fully investigated. The objective of this study was to synthesize graphene using a natural polyphenol compound resveratrol and to investigate its toxicity for ovarian cancer cells. Methods The successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to graphene was confirmed by UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy were employed to evaluate particle size and surface morphology of GO and resveratrol-reduced GO (RES-rGO). Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups from GO surface and to ensure the formation of graphene. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of GO and RES-rGO cytotoxicity by examining the morphology, viability, membrane integrity, activation of caspase-3, apoptosis, and alkaline phosphatase activity of ovarian cancer cells. Results The results also show that resveratrol effectively reduced GO to graphene and the properties of RES-rGO nanosheets were comparable to those of chemically reduced graphene. Biological experiments showed that GO and RES-rGO caused a dose-dependent membrane leakage and oxidative stress in cancer cells, and reduced their viability via apoptosis confirmed by the upregulation of apoptosis executioner caspase-3. Conclusion Our data demonstrate a single, simple green approach for the synthesis of highly water-dispersible functionalized graphene nanosheets, suggesting a possibility of replacing toxic hydrazine by a natural and safe phenolic compound resveratrol, which has similar efficacy in the reduction of GO to rGO. Resveratrol-based GO reduction would facilitate large-scale production of graphene-based materials for the emerging graphene-based technologies and biomedical applications.

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Simultaneous bio-functionalization and reduction of graphene oxide by baker's yeast

Cited by 264 publications

References 41 publications

Oxidative stress-mediated antibacterial activity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Oxidative stress-mediated antibacterial activity of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Graphene Oxide as Antimicrobial Against Two Gram-Positive and Two Gram-Negative Bacteria in Addition to One Fungus

Reduction of graphene oxide by resveratrol: a novel and simple biological method for the synthesis of an effective anticancer nanotherapeutic molecule

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