Simultaneous accelerated solvent extraction and hydrolysis of 11-nor-Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid glucuronide in meconium samples for gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis

Mantovani, Cinthia de Carvalho; Silva, Jefferson Pereira e; Forster, Guilherme; Almeida, Rafael Menck de; Diniz, Edna Maria de Albuquerque; Yonamine, Maurı́cio

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.009

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In addition, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), amphetamine/methamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 3,4‐methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) were tested in the urine by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis as previously described …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users

Souza

Sales

Santos

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Disturbed shear rate (SR), characterized by increased retrograde and oscillatory SR in the brachial artery, is associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic hyperactivity. Young subjects do not have disturbed SR; however, elderly subjects do, which seems to be associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse in young is associated with increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). We hypothesized that AAS users might have disturbed SR. We tested the association between retrograde and oscillatory SR with MSNA. In addition, we measured the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). We evaluated 10 male AAS users, age 27 ± 4 years, and 10 agematched AAS nonusers, age 29 ± 5 years. At rest, retrograde and oscillatory SR were evaluated by Doppler ultrasound, MSNA was measured with microneurography, and hs-CRP was measured in blood sample. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was also assessed. AAS users had higher retrograde SR (24.42 ± 17.25 vs 9.15 ± 6.62 s −1 , P = 0.01), oscillatory SR (0.22 ± 0.13 vs 0.09 ± 0.07 au P = 0.01), and MSNA (42 ± 9 vs 32 ± 4 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.018) than nonusers. MSNA (bursts/100 heart beats) was correlated with retrograde SR (r = 0.50, P = 0.050) and oscillatory SR (r = 0.51, P = 0.042). AAS users had higher hs-CRP [1.17 (0.44-3.63) vs 0.29 (0.17-0.70) mg/L, P = 0.015] and decreased FMD (6.42 ± 2.07 vs 8.28% ± 1.53%, P = 0.035) than nonusers. In conclusion, AAS abuse is associated with retrograde and oscillatory SR which were associated with augmented sympathetic outflow. In addition, AAS seems to lead to inflammation characterized by increased hs-CRP. These alterations may have the potential of increasing the early risk of atherosclerotic disease in young AAS users. K E Y W O R D S anabolic steroid, muscle sympathetic nervous activity, retrograde shear rate [Correction added on 7 December 2018, after first online publication: The panel A in figure 1 has been updated.]

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users

Souza

Sales

Santos

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

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“…Another intrinsic property of cannabinoids and their metabolites refers to the extensive conjugation with glucuronic acid, presenting variable rates among analyte-to-analyte and different matrices [11], requiring hydrolysis, which can increase the extraction yield and the detection sensitivity of analytes in the free form [19,20], especially when the confirmation is performed by gas chromatography.…”

Section: Validation Of Methods For the Evaluation Of Fetal Cannabis Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioanalytical and Methodological Challenges in the Evaluation of Fetal Cannabis Exposure

Silva

Yonamine

2018

Bioanalysis

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“…Toxicological studies using maternal foetal matrices can be a suitable tool to assess drug use or abuse during pregnancy, including cannabinoids. De Carvalho Mantovani et al 39 have recently reported the analysis of cannabinoids in meconium matrix through identification and quantification of THCA (11). It is known that meconium is easier to collect than neonatal urine and provides a much longer window of exposure of up to 20 weeks.…”

Section: Meconium Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade

Nahar

Chen

Sarker

2019

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction Cannabinoids are organic compounds, natural or synthetic, that bind to the cannabinoid receptors and have similar pharmacological properties as produced by the cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa. Gas chromatography (GC), e.g. gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), is a popular analytical tool that has been used extensively to analyse cannabinoids in various matrices. Objective To review published literature on the use of various GC‐based analytical methods for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids published during the past decade. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was performed utilising several databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and other relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with cannabinoids being present in all combinations, in the search were cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, marijuana, analysis, GC, quantitative, qualitative and quality control. Results During the past decade, several GC‐based methods for the analysis of cannabinoids have been reported. While simple one‐dimensional (1D) GC–MS and GC‐FID (flame ionisation detector) methods were found to be quite common in cannabinoids analysis, two‐dimensional (2D) GC–MS as well as GC–MS/MS also were popular because of their ability to provide more useful data for identification and quantification of cannabinoids in various matrices. Some degree of automation in sample preparation, and applications of mathematical and computational models for optimisation of different protocols were observed, and pre‐analyses included various derivatisation techniques, and environmentally friendly extraction protocols. Conclusions GC‐based analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids, especially using GC–MS, has dominated the cannabinoids analysis in the last decade; new derivatisation methods, new ionisation methods, and mathematical models for method optimisation have been introduced.

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Simultaneous accelerated solvent extraction and hydrolysis of 11-nor-Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid glucuronide in meconium samples for gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users

Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users

Bioanalytical and Methodological Challenges in the Evaluation of Fetal Cannabis Exposure

Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade

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