Simulation Study of Microwave Heating with Nanoparticle Diffusion for Tumor Ablation

Abstract

The study utilized spectral power estimates evaluated from the Electroencephalogram (EEG) of alcoholics and control participants to attempt an automatic detection of individuals suffering alcohol dependence. Power estimates were obtained for non-overlapping consecutive EEG segments of 0.5-second duration while using a 5 th order

Microwave Hyperthermia Application with Bioimplant Single Slot Coaxial Antenna Design for Mouse Breast Cancer Treatment

“…The microwave energy was transferred to target cancer tissues with coaxial cables for heating.For this purpose, the derivation of the SAR value and the heat equation, starting from time averaged power flow in the coaxial cable, transferred to the tissues is shown step by step through formula-1 to formula-6 [37]. After penetrating the cancerous tissue through a tiny hole in the skin, the coaxial antenna would be able to heat the tumors in the range of 41 • C to 44 • C to suit hyperthermia, under the guidance of these equations.…”

“…It can be calculated by the heat transfer equation. For this purpose, since coaxial antennas carrying electromagnetic waves are characterized by transverse electromagnetic field (TEM), the equations with the assumption of time harmonic fields containing phase information are presented below [37].…”

“…Z is the characteristic wave impedance in the dielectric, while r inner and r outer is the dielectric's inner and outer radius, respectively. The electric and magnetic fields flowing in the coaxial cable are defined in equations ( 1) and ( 2), respectively [37]. Equation ( 3) is the time-averaged power flow P av in the cable.…”

“…In Equation ( 4), σ is tissue conductivity (S/m), ρ is the tissue density (kg/m 3 ) and SAR is specific absorption rate ( W/kg ). The bio-heat equation [37] at Equation ( 5) describes the stationary heat transfer problem as:…”

“…where k represents the liver thermal conductivity W/(m.K), p b blood density (kg/m 3 ), C b blood specific heat capacity J/(kg.K), ω b blood perfusion rate (1/s), Q met heat source from metabolism, and Q ext external heat source, both measured in ( W/m 3 ). This model neglects the heat source from metabolism [37]. Equation (6) presents the external heat source, which is the resistive heat generated by the electromagnetic field:…”