Simulation study of axial ultrasound transmission in heterogeneous cortical bone model

Abstract

Ultrasound propagation in a heterogeneous cortical bone was studied. Using a bovine radius, the longitudinal wave velocity distribution in the axial direction was experimentally measured in the MHz range. The bilinear interpolation and piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation methods were applied to create a three-dimensional (3D) precise velocity model of the bone using experimental data. By assuming the uniaxial anisotropy of the bone, the distributions of all elastic moduli of a 3D heterogeneous model were estimated. The elastic finite-difference time-domain method was used to simulate axial ultrasonic wave propagation. The wave propagation in the initial model was compared with that in the thinner model, where the inner part of the cortical bone model was removed. The wave front of the first arriving signal (FAS) slightly depended on the heterogeneity in each model. Owing to the decrease in bone thickness, the propagation behavior also changed and the FAS velocity clearly decreased.

Axial transmission technique for screening bucked shin in a horse leg

“…4(a). [22][23][24] Using the results of the six-ring samples, a digital bone model in the axial direction was created, as shown in Fig. 4(b), following the study conducted by Hata et al 22) 2.2.3.…”

Estimation of Cortical Bone Microstructure From Ultrasound Backscatter

“…Whereas incorporating tissue heterogeneity did not have a significant impact on the sound propagation velocity through the femoral neck [32], it may have an impact on the spectral backscatter characteristics. Particularly, the increasing pore size from the periosteal to the endosteal interfaces will eventually result in a gradual change of the effective sound propagation velocity [49], which has not been considered in the current estimations of backscatter and attenuation coefficients. The pore diameter was calculated using the equivalent diameter, corresponding to the diameter of a circle with the same area.…”

Guided ultrasonic wave monitoring techniques to assess bone implant loosening

“…Longitudinal, torsional, and flexural guided wave could potentially be employed to measure the healing of long bones [11]. Ultrasonic waves were found to show only limited variation to the assumed material anisotropy (orthotropic, quasi-isotropic) for bone plate model testing [12]. Simplified geometry (hollow cylinders models) with a semi-analytical setup could be used for guided wave testing and compared with experiments using sawbones [13] to evaluate the feasibility of the guided wave excitation technique.…”