Simulation of Water Uptake in Maize, Using Different Levels of Process Detail

Jara, Jorge; Stöckle, Claudio O.

doi:10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100020013x

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…It has also been used in detailed studies of maize cropping (i.e. Jara & Stöckle, 1999; Bellocchi et al ., 2002) and has been shown to be robust and accurate for a diverse range of local environments, including those found within Cameroon. The different submodels included in CropSyst are described with a similar level of detail, so it is a well‐balanced crop simulator, simulating different crops from a common set of parameters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability and maize production in Cameroon: Simulating the effects of extreme dry and wet years

Tingem

Rivington²,

Colls

2008

Singap J Trop Geogr

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The effects of interyear variability of extreme rainfall events on maize yields at locations in Cameroon, in central-west sub-Saharan Africa were investigated through a simulation assessment combining a weather generator with a crop growth model. This study analyzes the potential of using dry/wet year predictions to reduce risk in subsistence agricultural production associated with climate variability at the site level. Weather data sets from eight provincial study localities were classified into three precipitation scenarios -dry (lower threshold), normal and wet (upper threshold) years. According to the modelling results, there is a less than 12 per cent variance in mean maize yields across six out of the eight localities when planting occurs in March, May and August. The variance is equivalent to approximately 100-300 kg per ha, which represents a significant amount of food in the household security of the majority impoverished sectors of rural and urban society, and which could greatly impact the socioeconomic activities of the entire populace. The results lead to the conclusion that all extreme dry and wet years are not equal in terms of their regional manifestation. This calls for precise monthly and sub-seasonal local level forecasts and the effective dissemination of this information to farming communities in Cameroon, thereby facilitating the adaptive management of indigenous cropping practices and reducing their vulnerability to climate related disasters.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate variability and maize production in Cameroon: Simulating the effects of extreme dry and wet years

Tingem

Rivington²,

Colls

2008

Singap J Trop Geogr

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“…There are also analytical approaches that consider water potential as the driving force for water movement in the soil-plant continuum. A physically-based approach for modelling water uptake was developed by Campbell (1991) and applied by Jara & Stöckle (1999) and Stöckle et al (2003). Some considerations of this approach that are potentially useful in SWAT include: (a) impact of soil structure as well as other factors on root distribution and therefore on soil resistance, particularly at low root length density; (b) more accurate values for root resistance and leaf resistance to water flow, calculated from Fig.…”

Section: Root Function: Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth simulation for landscape-scale hydrological modelling

Kiniry

MacDonald

Kemanian

et al. 2008

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Landscape-scale hydrological models can be improved by incorporating realistic, process-oriented plant models for simulating crops, perennial grasses and woody species. The objective of this project was to present some approaches for plant modelling applicable to daily time step hydrological transport models, such as SWAT. Accurate simulation of plant growth can improve the accuracy of simulations of hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. First, we describe some unique aspects of the general plant model ALMANAC. Next, we describe a modification of the original ALMANAC model used to simulate complex successional vegetation changes in the years following disturbance of a variety of different forest ecosystems, such as forest fires, clear cuts and insect infestations. Finally, we discuss alternative physiological and physical process simulation techniques of plant growth that could increase simulation accuracy in landscape-scale hydrological and transport models such as SWAT.Key words Beer's law; forestry modelling; leaf area index; plant simulation; radiation use efficiency Simulation de croissance végétale au service de la modélisation hydrologique a l'échelle du paysage Résumé Les modèles hydrologiques qui fonctionnent à l'échelle du paysage peuvent être améliorés en incorporant des modèles de plante réalistes orientés sur les processus pour simuler les cultures, les prairies permanentes et les espèces ligneuses. Ce projet a eu pour but de présenter quelques approches de modélisation des plantes intégrables au sein de modèles hydrologiques à pas de temps journalier, comme le modèle SWAT. Une simulation précise de la croissance végétale peut améliorer la précision des simulations des cycles hydrologiques et biogéochimiques. Nous commençons en décrivant quelques aspects originaux du modèle végétal général ALMANAC. Puis nous décrivons une modification de la version originale d'ALMANAC pour simuler des changements complexes de succession végétale au cours des années qui suivent la perturbation d'un écosystème forestier, comme un incendie de forêt, une coupe claire ou une infestation d'insecte. Finalement, nous discutons quelques techniques alternatives pour simuler les processus physiologiques et physiques de la croissance végétale qui pourraient améliorer la précision des simulations de végétation dans les modèles hydrologiques à l'échelle du paysage comme SWAT.

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“…With the exception of the short time period following irrigation or rainfall, a moisture gradient profile develops from dry at the top to moist at the limit of the wetting zone. In this situation, predictions of water uptake patterns depend on the hypotheses of the plant–soil–water interactions models (Jara & Stockle 1999). The spatial layout of drip irrigation designs and the choice of frequency, amount and rate of water delivery allow controlling the spatial and temporal distribution of water application in the root zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water uptake profile response of corn to soil moisture depletion

Fuchs

Cohen

et al. 2002

Plant Cell & Environment

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The effects of soil moisture distribution on water uptake of drip-irrigated corn were investigated by simultaneously monitoring the diurnal evolution of sap flow rate in stems, of leaf water potential, and of soil moisture, during intervals between successive irrigations. The results invalidate the steady-state resistive flow model for the continuum. High hydraulic capacitance of wet soil and low hydraulic conductivity of dry soil surrounding the roots damped significantly diurnal fluctuations of water flow from bulk soil to root surface. By contrast, sap flow responded directly to the large diurnal variation of leaf water potential. In wet soil, the relation between the diurnal courses of uptake rates and leaf water potential was linear. Water potential at the root surface remained nearly constant and uniformly distributed. The slope of the lines allowed calculating the resistance of the hydraulic path in the plant. Resistances increased in inverse relation with root length density. Soil desiccation induced a diurnal variation of water potential at the root surface, the minimum occurring in the late afternoon. The increase of root surface water potential with depth was directly linked to the soil desiccation profile. The development of a water potential gradient at the root surface implies the presence of a significant axial resistance in the root hydraulic path that explains why the desiccation of the soil upper layer induces an absolute increase of water uptake rates from the deeper wet layers.

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Simulation of Water Uptake in Maize, Using Different Levels of Process Detail

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Climate variability and maize production in Cameroon: Simulating the effects of extreme dry and wet years

Climate variability and maize production in Cameroon: Simulating the effects of extreme dry and wet years

Plant growth simulation for landscape-scale hydrological modelling

Water uptake profile response of corn to soil moisture depletion

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