“…Second, the effect of aggregate gradation on h eq /h is analyzed. For this purpose, two typical gradations, Fuller and equal volume fraction (EVF) [ 24 , 30 ], are considered and h = 0.03 mm. Thus, h eq /h is plotted against f a in Figure 3 , indicating that, for a given f a at 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8, h eq /h for concrete with the EVF gradation is smaller than that with the Fuller one by 5.29%, 9.82%, and 20.1%, respectively.…”