Simulation of tropospheric chemistry and aerosols with the climate model EC-Earth

Noije, Twan van; Sager, Philippe Le; Segers, Arjo; Velthoven, P. F. J. van; Krol, Maarten; Hazeleger, Wilco; Williams, Alastair G.; Chambers, Scott D.

doi:10.5194/gmd-7-2435-2014

Cited by 70 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…Compared to observations, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) field simulated in TM5 has generally been too low (see, e.g. Aan de Brugh et al, 2011;van Noije et al, 2014). This has been a point of attention for several cycles of the model and although substantial improvements have been made, the underestimation has not been completely resolved as of yet.…”

Section: Tm5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.3. This includes an overview of the relevant changes to TM5 since the work by van Noije et al (2014). A short explanation of the coupling and data exchange between the IFS and TM5 modules is given in Sect.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together with the mass and number, each mode has a fixed width that describes the size distribution of the aerosols. A more detailed overview of the implementation of M7 in TM5 is given by Aan de Brugh et al (2011) andvan Noije et al (2014). Other species included in the model are nitrate, ammonium and methane sulfonic acid (MSA), and are described by their total mass only.…”

Section: Aerosols and Wet Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trace gases and aerosols in EC-Earth are simulated by the atmospheric chemistry and transport model TM5 (Krol et al, 2005;Huijnen et al, 2010;van Noije et al, 2014), which is driven by the meteorology calculated in IFS. Currently, the simulated chemistry does not feed back to IFS, but this twoway coupling between aerosols and meteorology is under development.…”

Section: Tm5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Textor et al, 2006;van Noije et al, 2014). Aerosols are incorporated in clouds and precipitation by nucleation and impaction scavenging (called in-cloud scavenging), and uptake by falling hydrometeors (called below-cloud scavenging).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of precipitation evaporation on the atmospheric aerosol distribution in EC-Earth v3.2.0

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The representation of aerosol-cloud interaction in global climate models (GCMs) remains a large source of uncertainty in climate projections. Due to its complexity, precipitation evaporation is either ignored or taken into account in a simplified manner in GCMs. This research explores various ways to treat aerosol resuspension and determines the possible impact of precipitation evaporation and subsequent aerosol resuspension on global aerosol burdens and distribution. The representation of aerosol wet deposition by large-scale precipitation in the EC-Earth model has been improved by utilising additional precipitation-related 3-D fields from the dynamical core, the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) general circulation model, in the chemistry and aerosol module Tracer Model, version 5 (TM5). A simple approach of scaling aerosol release with evaporated precipitation fraction leads to an increase in the global aerosol burden (+7.8 to +15 % for different aerosol species). However, when taking into account the different sizes and evaporation rate of raindrops following , the release of aerosols is strongly reduced, and the total aerosol burden decreases by −3.0 to −8.5 %. Moreover, inclusion of cloud processing based on observations by Mitra et al. (1992) transforms scavenged small aerosol to coarse particles, which enhances removal by sedimentation and hence leads to a −10 to −11 % lower aerosol burden. Finally, when these two effects are combined, the global aerosol burden decreases by −11 to −19 %. Compared to the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite observations, aerosol optical depth (AOD) is generally underestimated in most parts of the world in all configurations of the TM5 model and although the representation is now physically more realistic, global AOD shows no large improvements in spatial patterns. Similarly, the agreement of the vertical profile with CloudAerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) satellite measurements does not improve significantly. We show, however, that aerosol resuspension has a considerable impact on the modelled aerosol distribution and needs to be taken into account.

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Section: Tm5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerosols and Wet Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tm5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of precipitation evaporation on the atmospheric aerosol distribution in EC-Earth v3.2.0

et al. 2018

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The importance of Harmattan surges for the emission of North African dust aerosol

Fiedler

Kaplan

Knippertz

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Dust aerosol is important in the Earth system, but the relative impact of meteorological mechanisms on North African dust emission remains unclear. This study presents the first climatology of dust emission amounts associated with Harmattan surges (HSs), characterized by postfrontal strengthening of near‐surface winds. A new automated identification uses their strong isallobaric winds as an indicator for HSs in 32 years of ERA‐Interim reanalysis. Their impact on dust aerosol emission is estimated by combining the identified events with derived dust emissions. The estimate highlights that about one third of the total emission mass is associated with HSs. Spring shows the largest associated emissions of 30–50% of the monthly totals consistent with the largest number and duration of HSs. Regional emission contributions of up to 80% in the north coincide with the overall largest emission maxima in spring. The importance of HSs for dust emission implies that aerosol‐climate models need to accurately represent synoptic‐scale storms.

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Aerosol single‐scattering albedo over the global oceans: Comparing PARASOL retrievals with AERONET, OMI, and AeroCom models estimates

et al. 2015

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The aerosol single-scattering albedo (SSA) over the global ocean is evaluated based on polarimetric measurements by the PARASOL (Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar) satellite. For the first time, global ocean SSA and Absorption Aerosol Optical Depth (AAOD) from this instrument are shown and evaluated against other observations (the Aerosol Robotic Network, AERONET, and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, OMI). The observational data sets compare reasonably well, with the majority of the colocated points within 0.05 of the AERONET measurements. PARASOL shows that SSA is characterized by high spatial and seasonal variability, also over the open ocean far from the inland emission regions. The near global coverage in the visible spectral range provided by the PARASOL retrievals represents a unique opportunity to evaluate aerosol optical properties simulated by global aerosol models, as performed in the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AeroCom) framework. The SSA (AAOD) estimated by the AeroCom models is generally higher (smaller) than the SSA (AAOD) retrieved from PARASOL. On the other hand, the mean simulated aerosol optical depth is consistent or slightly underestimated compared with observations. An overestimate of the aerosol scattering, compared to absorption, by the models would suggest that these simulate an overly strong aerosol radiative cooling at top of atmosphere, over most of the ocean surfaces. This implies that aerosols have a potentially stronger direct and semidirect impact within the atmosphere than currently simulated. © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved

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Simulation of tropospheric chemistry and aerosols with the climate model EC-Earth

Cited by 70 publications

References 142 publications

The impact of precipitation evaporation on the atmospheric aerosol distribution in EC-Earth v3.2.0

The impact of precipitation evaporation on the atmospheric aerosol distribution in EC-Earth v3.2.0

The importance of Harmattan surges for the emission of North African dust aerosol

Aerosol single‐scattering albedo over the global oceans: Comparing PARASOL retrievals with AERONET, OMI, and AeroCom models estimates

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