Simulation of three-dimensional female body shapes with proportional representation for various weights and heights

Abstract

Obesity is a significant factor in health information and increases the risk of health problems. Hence, an application that can help users to monitor their body mass index (BMI) timelines is needed. The simulation of a personalized 3D body shape may encourage women to control their BMI for a healthy body and pleasant appearance. Therefore, this paper aims to develop computerized 3D models of female shapes for various weights and heights, and consists of three important parts. First, the preparation of six avatars is described. Second, the body proportions of 6767 female datasets are analyzed to find the relationship of variables in various weights and heights. Last, 3D morphing of different female shapes is developed and analyzed experimentally for appropriate morphing parameters. Accuracy tests are carried out in three ways. First, body proportions calculated using the Z-Size Ladies application, called “Z-Size calculations,” are compared with the body proportions of data obtained from 3D scanners. Second, the Z-Size calculations are compared with tape measurements. Last, the Z-Size calculations are compared with measurements of Z-Size 3D morph models. The results of accuracy tests are shown as the relationship graphs between the BMI and body proportion measurements of chest, waist, hip, and inseam. Bland–Altman plots and Pearson correlation calculation show high correlation. In conclusion, the data obtained from the Z-Size calculations, 3D Scanner, tape measurements, and Z-Size morph models’ measurements are in good agreement and are highly correlated. The simulation of 3D female shapes for different weights and heights as proposed shows good performance and high accuracy.

Simulation of 3D Body Shapes for Pregnant and Postpartum Women

“…For the 3D simulation testing, a new group of 75 pregnant women and 74 postpartum women were compared in body shape proportion. The 3D body shape simulation of pregnant and postpartum women is based on the simulation of the non-pregnant female shape simulation studied in Sinthanayothin et al [42].…”

“…The volunteers sent their measured data to the research team via mobile LINE application each time they measured their body shape. The 3D simulation results for non-pregnant female bodies in various weights and heights are shown in Figure 1 [42].…”

“…The pregnant avatar refers to the pregnant women's simulation based on our previous studies [42]. The pregnant woman simulation is a combination of a woman shape and a pregnant shape.…”

“…A 3D model of a pregnant woman was created from a pregnant thin avatar shown in Figure 2 using a female model from Turbosquid [48,49] and combined with other avatars shown in Figure 3 for simulating a pregnancy figure by morphing technique. The pregnant avatar refers to the pregnant women's simulation based on our previous studies [42]. The pregnant woman simulation is a combination of a woman shape and a pregnant shape.…”

“…Morphing is a geometric interpolation technique, which mixed different characteristics of the objects. The body shape simula- Details of creating a 3D non-pregnant female shape by combining thin, big breast, big waist, big hip, tall and long legs avatars can be found in the article by Sinthanayothin et al [42]. The idea of utilizing a combination of the avatar bodies for 3D shape simulation came from the morphing technique [50].…”