Simulation of the Ductile Iron Solidification Using a Cellular Automaton

Abstract

The mathematical model of the globular eutectic solidification in 2D was designed. Pro¬posed model is based on the Cellular Automaton Finite Differences (CA-FD) calculation method. Model has been used for studies of the primary and of globular eutectic grains growth during the ductile iron (DI) solidification. A hyper-eutectic composition has been analyzed but this model can be used in the solidification modeling of hypo- and eutectic DI. The proposed model makes possible to trace the unrestricted growth of primary grains of two phases from the liq¬uid, transition from free to cooperative solidification, and cooperative growth of globular eutectic.

Cellular Automaton Simulation For Volume Changes Of Solidifying Nodular Cast Iron

“…The proposed mathematical model enhances the capabilities of the previous tools presented in [8]. This model takes into account the continuous nucleation of austenite and graphite grains from liquid controlled by the undercooling, separate nonequilibrium growth of graphite nodules and austenite dendrites at the first stage of solidification, and the following cooperative growth of graphite-austenite eutectic in the binary Fe-C system.…”

“…In DI globules of primary and eutectic graphite, in initial stage of crystallization, do not have the connection with austenite grains and grow directly from the liquid [4,8]. Growing graphite particles deplete the liquid of its carbon.…”

“…This paper presents assessments of change in the specific volume of DI during crystallization using model of solidification based on cellular automata method [8][9][10][11].…”

Modelling of the Dendritic Crystallization by the Cellular Automaton Method

“…Cellular automata (CA) can be applied for modelling the structure within a whole casting [1,2] or within its part [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In the first case, the texture across the wall and changes in grain size are modelled, while in the second one -the morphology of individual crystals is predicted.…”

“…Calculations give the possibility to follow the sprouting and the evolution of dendrite arms of the first and the subsequent orders in dendrites or the close-coupled growth of phases during the eutectic crystallization, taking into account the interactions between the growing crystallites. It is possible to get information about the topology of the modelled structures and about the microsegregation of the alloying elements both in the liquid and in the solid phase [3][4][5][6][7][12][13][14][15].…”