Simulation of the Date of Maturity of Plasmopara viticola Oospores to Predict the Severity of Primary Infections in Grapevine

Sung, Chaemin; Strizyk, S.; Clerjeau, Michel

doi:10.1094/pd-74-0120

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…This calendar period roughly corresponded with the period late April-early June during which primary infection has been reported to occur in France (Roussel 1954;Tran Manh Sung et al 1990). In relation to vine development the period when primary infection might occur ran from about a fortnight before anthesis through flowering and fruit set.…”

Section: Downy Mildew Epidemicsmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose and downy mildew in an Auckland, New Zealand vineyard

Brook¹

1992

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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Section: Downy Mildew Epidemicsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Tran Manh Sung et al (1990) reported a strong positive correlation between conditions favourable to oospore maturation during the period September-March, (autumn, winter, 47 spring), and disease severity at flowering. That is, the severity of epidemics was strongly influenced by the numbers of primary infections.…”

Section: Downy Mildew Epidemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose and downy mildew in an Auckland, New Zealand vineyard

Brook¹

1992

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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“…In addition to late blight, a major commercial use of zoxamide will be control of the Oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk & M A Curtis ex De Bary) Berl & De Toni, the causal agent of grape downy mildew. It is known that P viticola can reproduce both asexually and sexually, and that the sexual stage plays a role in survival of the pathogen over winter 28. The extent to which sexual reproduction in P viticola occurs under agricultural conditions is not well understood; however, as discussed for Phytophthora infestans , this factor may affect the risk of resistance development to zoxamide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory studies to assess the risk of development of resistance to zoxamide

Young

Spiewak

Slawecki

2001

Pest Management Science

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Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the risk of developing field resistance to zoxamide, a new Oomycete fungicide which acts on microtubules. Zoxamide, metalaxyl and dimethomorph were compared with respect to the ease with which fungicide‐resistant mutants could be isolated and their level of resistance. Attempts to generate mutants of Phytophthora capsici and P infestans with resistance to zoxamide by mycelial adaptation on fungicide‐amended medium were unsuccessful. Similarly, changes in sensitivity to zoxamide were small (resistance factors ≤2.2) in mutants of P capsici isolated by chemical mutagenesis of zoospore cysts. In parallel experiments with metalaxyl, highly resistant mutants were obtained using both adaptation (P capsici or P infestans) and chemical mutagenesis (P capsici). For dimethomorph, chemical mutagenesis (P capsici) yielded moderately resistant mutants (maximum resistance factor = 20.9), and adaptation (P capsici or P infestans) did not induce resistance. It is proposed that failure to isolate mutants resistant to zoxamide results from the diploid nature of Oomycete fungi and the likelihood that target‐site mutations would produce a recessive phenotype. Our studies suggest that the risk of a highly resistant pathogen population developing rapidly in the field is much lower for zoxamide than for metalaxyl. However, as with any site‐specific fungicide, appropriate precautions against resistance development should be taken. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…The existing models are not accurate or robust enough to be used satisfactorily in scheduling fungicide applications against primary downy mildew infections (Vercesi et al ., 1999b; Vercesi & Liberati, 2001), a relevant concern considering that the oosporic‐caused infections play a key role in epidemic development for much of the grape‐growing season (Gessler et al ., 2003). All these models are based on temperature and rain amount (Stryzik, 1983; Tran Manh Sung et al ., 1990; Park et al ., 1997) but this study shows that the VPD must also be considered as a weather variable affecting oospore development during non rainy periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water on germination of Plasmopara viticola oospores

Rossi¹,

Caffi

2007

Plant Pathology

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The effect of moisture in grape leaf litter holding overwintering Plasmopara viticola oospores was investigated. Oospores were incubated under different regimes of water activity ( a W 0·991 to 0·123) for 2 to 15 days and their ability to germinate and cause infection was determined using a sensitive leaf disk assay. Reduction of a W caused a significant shift in the infection dynamics, with maximum effect when a W ≤ 0·56. Dynamics of a W in the leaf litter under natural conditions were estimated from moisture data using a Chen-Clayton equation. Daily patterns of leaf litter moisture (M in % weight) were determined in non rainy periods between mid February and mid June, while the Chen-Clayton equation was calculated using data of a W and M measured in both sorption and desorption conditions, at different temperatures. Water activity was highest at 08·00 hours, decreased progressively until 14·00 hours, and then increased. Water activity was favourable for oospores to develop in about 25% of the measurements, all made between 18·00 hours and 08·00 hours. A close relationship was found between vapour pressure deficit (VPD in hPa) and a W of the leaf litter, so that when VPD is lower than 2·13 hPa there is sufficient water for oospores to develop. Results showed that leaf litter moisture due to water from the atmosphere makes oospore development possible during non rainy periods.

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Simulation of the Date of Maturity of Plasmopara viticola Oospores to Predict the Severity of Primary Infections in Grapevine

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose and downy mildew in an Auckland, New Zealand vineyard

Epidemiology of grapevine anthracnose and downy mildew in an Auckland, New Zealand vineyard

Laboratory studies to assess the risk of development of resistance to zoxamide

Effect of water on germination of Plasmopara viticola oospores

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