Simulation of Superconducting Machine With Stacks of Coated Conductors Using Hybrid A-H Formulation

Santos, Bárbara Maria Oliveira; Dias, Fernando Jorge Monteiro; Sass, Felipe; Sotelo, Guilherme Gonçalves; Polasek, A.; Andrade, R. de

doi:10.1109/tasc.2020.2990377

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Electrical equipment made from high temperature superconductor (HTS) has the merits of compact structure, high energy density and low energy consumption level owing to the unique properties of HTS conductors. After decades of investigation and development, HTS devices [1], such as transmission cables [2], generators [3,4], motors [5][6][7], transformers [8] and ultra high-field research magnets [9][10][11] are close to maturity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling electromagnetic numerical models of HTS coils to electrical circuits: multi-scale and homogeneous methodologies using the T-A formulation

Zhou¹,

Santos²,

Ghabeli³

et al. 2022

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Numerical simulation is an effective tool for predicting the electromagnetic behavior of superconductors. Recently, a finite element method (FEM)-based model coupling the T-A formulation with an electrical circuit has been proposed: the model presents the superconducting constituent as a global voltage parameter in the electrical circuit. This allows assessing the overall behavior of complex high-temperature superconductor (HTS) systems involving multiple power items, while keeping a high degree of precision on the presentation of local effects. In this work, the applicability of this model has been extended to large-scale HTS applications with hundreds or thousands of tapes by referring to two widely recognized methodologies, multi-scale and homogenization, to improve the computation efficiency. Based on the two approaches, three different models were developed and their effectiveness was assessed using the case study of a 1000 turn cylindrical HTS coil charged by a DC voltage source. The comparison of the calculated global circuit parameters, local field distributions, losses, and computation time proves that the computation efficiency can be improved with respect to a model simulating all HTS tapes, without compromising accuracy. The results indicate that the developed models can therefore be efficient tools to design and optimize large-scale HTS devices used in electrical machines and power grids. Besides, it is found that the inductance of an HTS coil is varied according to the transport current and could even be higher than that of a normal conductor coil with the same geometry. We attribute this result to the superconductor's non-uniform current distribution and relaxation effect during the dynamic process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling electromagnetic numerical models of HTS coils to electrical circuits: multi-scale and homogeneous methodologies using the T-A formulation

Zhou¹,

Santos²,

Ghabeli³

et al. 2022

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…3 shows the location of these two lines in this motor. In this case, the A-formulation is written as follows [19]:…”

Section: B Function and Relationship Of Three Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fast Numerical Modeling Approach Based on Boundary Field Method for Calculating AC Losses in Superconducting Motors

Wang

Song

Yazdani-Asrami

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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To improve the computational efficiency of the numerical methods for calculating AC loss in HTS motor, a new method called 'Boundary field method' is proposed in this paper. This method combines the strength of ANSYS and COMSOL, which can reduce the complexity of modeling and computation time. In this paper, three finite element method (FEM) based models, as case studies, were developed for a 100-kW superconducting induction motor. Model A models entire motor in COMSOL using A-H formulation, considering non-linear E-J relationship of HTS tapes, which can calculate AC loss of motor directly; Combining another two models: Model B (the same entire superconducting motor in ANSYS) and Model C (only superconducting stator windings in COMSOL) can achieve new method for calculating AC loss. The AC loss calculation error between two methods for two-layer windings in one slot is 2.5% and 7%, respectively. These results conclude the effectiveness and accuracy of 'Boundary field method'. More importantly, the computation time reduces dramatically from 48 hours in Model A to only 2 hours for proposed approach. This accurate and computationally efficient new numerical modelling approach could be used to calculate AC loss in various types of superconducting applications in future.

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“…Amongst the most successful formulations, the H formulation relying on the magnetic field as its state variable has been widely used. Lately, a new T-A formulation has proved to be more efficient in terms of computation speed and memory usage for modelling 2G HTS equipment [9,35,58,[71][72][73][74][75]. However, it is still too complex and too expensive computationally to simulate a whole HTS device with all its elements.…”

Section: Coupling Fem and External Electrical Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical equipment using High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) materials are reaching maturity after more than two decades of research and development. Nowadays, devices like Fault-Current Limiters (FCL) [1][2][3][4][5][6], power cables [7,8], and electric machines [9,10] have been built, and in some cases, installed in electric networks. The HTS materials with the most potential to address simultaneously cost and technical requirements are the second generation (2G) wire (or tape).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Essential Material Knowledge and Recent Model Developments for REBCO-Coated Conductors in Electric Power Systems

2021

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The manufacturing of commercial REBCO tapes, REBCO referring to Rare-earth barium copper oxide, has matured enough to lead to a variety of applications ranging from scientific instruments to electric power systems. In particular, its large current density with a high n index and low hysteresis losses make it a strong candidate for specific applications relying on the dependence of its resistance on current. Despite its advantages, there are still issues that remain to be addressed, such as the scarcity of experimental data for the basic characteristics of the superconductor over a wide range of temperature and applied magnetic field, the homogeneity of these characteristics along the conductor length, as well as the anisotropy of the critical current and n index with respect to the direction of the applied magnetic field. To better utilize the technology, it is therefore sensible to understand the relevancy of these issues so that one could simulate as accurately as possible the physics of the superconductor, at least the dynamics that may impact the correct operation of the superconducting device. There are different levels of modelling to achieve such a goal that can either focus on the performance of the superconductor itself, or on the whole device. The present work addresses some of the latest developments in the modelling of commercial REBCO tapes in power systems with a particular focus on the thermoelectric behavior of superconducting devices connected to external circuits. Two very different approaches corresponding to two different scales in the modelling of superconducting devices are presented: (1) analysis using equivalent models and lumped parameters to study the thermoelectric response of superconducting devices as a whole, (2) Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to compute distributed fields such as current density, magnetic flux density and local losses in tapes. In this context, this paper reviews both approaches and gives a broad variety of examples to show their practical applications in electric power systems. Firstly, they show the relevance of the technology in power systems engineering. Secondly, they allow inferring the necessary level of model details to optimize the operation of superconducting power devices in power grids. This level of details relies completely on the knowledge of some basic measurable properties of superconducting tapes (critical current and n index) and their cooling conditions.

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Simulation of Superconducting Machine With Stacks of Coated Conductors Using Hybrid A-H Formulation

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Coupling electromagnetic numerical models of HTS coils to electrical circuits: multi-scale and homogeneous methodologies using the T-A formulation

Coupling electromagnetic numerical models of HTS coils to electrical circuits: multi-scale and homogeneous methodologies using the T-A formulation

A Fast Numerical Modeling Approach Based on Boundary Field Method for Calculating AC Losses in Superconducting Motors

Essential Material Knowledge and Recent Model Developments for REBCO-Coated Conductors in Electric Power Systems

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