The article analyzes the structure of enterprises and organizations by forms of ownership in Russia. The main methods of state and municipal property administration are shown, administration tendencies are revealed that provide for effective tools, including those involving private funds in the implementation of state and municipal property administration programs on the basis of contractual relations and the mechanism of public-private partnership. The mechanism of public-private partnership on the basis of attraction of private investments should be aimed at the creation of public infrastructure, ensure the effectiveness of management of property in state and municipal ownership, as well as improve the quality of socially-significant services, provided to the population. The assessment of economic effectiveness is carried out; and the factor dependence of formation of net assets on financial results of activity of the enterprises, which are in the state ownership, is revealed. The performance indicators of state-owned enterprises were calculated according to the "Systems of indicators to assess the effectiveness of State Property Management and forming statistical observation." The peculiarities inherent in state enterprises, the processes of formation of net assets due to the obtained financial results in the previous financial period on the basis of correlation-regression analysis are revealed. Based on the evaluation of performance indicators and correlationregression analysis, proposals were developed aimed at improving the efficiency of state property management.