Simulation of Speed Steam Turbine Control System

Dulău, Mircea; Bică, Dorin

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2013.12.554

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Figure 2.4: Steam turbine control scheme [15] As one can notice, the control system of thermal units is based in a closed loop. The controller measures the shaft speed and compares it with a reference value.…”

Section: Thermal Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Demand Response Impact on the Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Systems

da Cunha Afonso,

Peças Lopes

2023

2023 IEEE Belgrade PowerTech

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Como se sabe, a sociedade enfrenta hoje em dia um grande desafio em termos ambientais, devido a fenómenos como as alterações climáticas e o aquecimento global. Com o objetivo de combater estes fenómenos, diversos acordos ambientais como, por exemplo, o acordo de Paris, têm sido assinados, no sentido de reduzir emissões de gases de efeito de estufa e atingir a neutralidade carbónica. Nesses acordos, estão previstas algumas medidas que consistem na progressiva integração de fontes de energia renovável nos sistemas elétricos, substituindo as centrais convencionais nas quais a produção de energia é feita através de combustíveis fósseis. Esta mudança, apesar de apelativa em termos ambientais, traz desafios técnicos à operação do sistema de energia. Ao contrário das máquinas síncronas convencionais, as fontes de energia renovável não estão diretamente acopladas à rede, e o seu interface é feito através de conversores eletrónicos. Como consequência, a inércia síncrona do sistema é diminuída, pondo em risco a estabilidade de frequência do sistema. Esta temática é ainda mais relevante no caso de sistemas isolados ou de pequenas áreas síncronas com pequena capacidade de interligação às áreas principais, como é o caso da Península Ibérica. Por outro lado, as centrais convencionais não só alimentam a carga do sistema, como também desempenham um conjunto de serviços auxiliares indispensáveis à correta exploração do sistema, onde se destacam os serviços de controlo de frequência, através de regulação primária, secundária e terciária. Assim sendo, face à substituição das centrais convencionais, torna-se necessário identificar novas técnicas de controlo de frequência. Dado que a estabilidade de frequência depende de um equilíbrio constante entre produção e consumo, faz sentido explorar a possibilidade de obter serviços de controlo de frequência por parte da procura, através do deslastre de cargas controláveis.Nesse sentido, este trabalho dedicou-se ao estudo da possibilidade de obter serviços de controlo de frequência por parte da procura. Inicialmente, a participação da procura no controlo primário de frequência foi testada, avaliando o seu impacto nos indicadores de estabilidade de frequência. Numa fase posterior, a participação da procura foi também estendida ao controlo secundário de frequência.Para atingir os objetivos acima mencionados, foram desenvolvidos em ambiente Matlab/Simulink os modelos dinâmicos de determinadas cargas do sistema passíveis de participar no controlo de frequência (veículos elétricos, cargas térmicas, eletrolisadores). Os modelos dinâmicos das cargas para regulação primária e secundária foram adicionados a um modelo dinâmico com duas áreas de controlo interligadas, representativo da interligação entre a Península Ibérica e a Europa Central. A plataforma final serviu de base para todos os estudos de simulação efetuados.

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Section: Thermal Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Demand Response Impact on the Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Systems

da Cunha Afonso,

Peças Lopes

2023

2023 IEEE Belgrade PowerTech

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“…Steam turbine driven power stations: Typical governor and steam turbine transfer functions are given below [26].…”

Section: Description Of Power System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Model for Accurate Assessment of Frequency Support by Large Populations of Plug-in Electric Vehicles

Dakanalis

Kanellos

2021

Inventions

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In recent years, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) have gained immense popularity and are on a trajectory of constant growth. As a result, power systems are confronted with new issues and challenges, threatening their safety and reliability. PEVs are currently treated as simple loads due to their low penetration. However, as their numbers are growing, PEVs could potentially be exploited as distributed energy storage devices providing ancillary services to the network. Batteries used in PEVs are developed to deliver instantaneously active power, making them an excellent solution for system frequency support. This paper proposes a detailed dynamic model that is able to simulate frequency support capability from a large number of PEVs, using an innovative aggregate battery model that takes into account the most significant constraints at PEV and aggregate battery levels. The cost optimization algorithm, which is the most time-consuming process of the problem, is executed only at the aggregate battery level, thereby reducing the computational requirements of the model without compromising the obtained accuracy. The proposed method is applied to the power system of Crete exploiting detailed statistical data of EV mobility. It is proven that PEVs can effectively support power system frequency fluctuations without any significant deviation from their optimal operation.

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“…The position and magnitude of the maximum alternating stress of a single blade under each wave condition can be determined by finite element analysis. As the constant speed control strategy is relatively easy to implement in the robust operation of the turbine and the technology is relatively mature [37], the study in this paper is based on the assumption that the rotational velocity of the turbine remains constant. In order to achieve the specified service life, the maximum alternating stress in the critical parts can be adjusted through the number of turbines, λ 1 , the number of blades, λ 2 , as well as the PTO damping, B PTO .…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability Assessment of Water Hydraulic-Drive Wave-Energy Converters

et al. 2019

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The main objective of the current paper is to determine fatigue critical details of wave-energy converters (WECs) and to evaluate their reliability. For this purpose, a new model of a water-hydraulic drive WEC is designed based on the IPS (company Interproject Service) buoy working principle, and the hydrodynamic frequency domain analysis method is carried out accordingly. A reliability assessment method, which combines the stress-number (SN) curves approach and linear damage cumulative theory, has been developed specifically for the proposed WEC. In order to obtain the stochastic wave load spectrum, 22 years of wave data of the intended deployment site (South China Sea), covering the span of 1988–2009, were analyzed, discussed and processed. A finite element analysis model is also established to calculate the maximum Von Mises stress of the fatigue critical component. The reliability indices and configuration parameters of the water hydraulic-drive WEC are obtained by applying first order reliability method, considering the uncertainty of the model parameters and the fatigue limit state. Optimization of configuration parameters is also developed based on the reliability method for the sake of approaching the expected service life. The results show that the fatigue life of the water turbine can reach the design service life of 20 years as the configuration parameters meet the specific condition. The cumulative reliability index and annual reliability index are recommended as 2.1 and 3.5, respectively.

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Simulation of Speed Steam Turbine Control System

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Assessment of Demand Response Impact on the Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Systems

Assessment of Demand Response Impact on the Frequency Stability of Low-Inertia Power Systems

Efficient Model for Accurate Assessment of Frequency Support by Large Populations of Plug-in Electric Vehicles

Reliability Assessment of Water Hydraulic-Drive Wave-Energy Converters

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