Simulation of SESAME’s Synchrotron Storage Ring for the Pressure Predictions in Vacuum System

Abstract

Many particle accelerators rely on maintaining low pressures to ensure efficient operation, minimize beam losses, and reduce radiation background. To ensure a beam lifetime of 1-20 hours for the Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME) vacuum system, an ideal average dynamic pressure of 1×10 -9 mbar was targeted. This pressure was intended to be maintained while running the accelerator at a current of 400 mA after a cumulative dose of 100 Ah. In this study, a MATLAB code was employed to develop a series of one-dimensional equations that simulate the behavior of the vacuum system within the SESAME storage ring. The proposed model was then compared with the results generated by the VACCALC software and the Particle Monte Carlo (TPMC) MOLFLOW code, establishing a comprehensive assessment framework. The collected data from the model was subsequently compared with the recorded static and dynamic pressure measurements obtained during more than 1000 Ah of beam conditioning at 2.5 GeV. In results, the projected and actual values of dynamic pressures exhibited a satisfactory degree of agreement across the investigated range of beam conditioning doses, with a consistency factor exceeding 2 after a 100 Ah dose.