Simulation of residue hydrodesulfurization reaction based on catalyst deactivation model.

Modeling initial decay of hydrodemetallization catalyst with simultaneous adsorption and reaction mechanism

“…Thereby, in the modeling it was reasonably assumed that the effective diffusivity of the reactants inside the particle was not significantly changed within the limited running time. In addition, since the demetallization rate has been considered to be first order [9][10][11]13,14,[16][17][18][19][20] and second order [1,12,15] in the metal concentration without general agreements, both of the reaction orders were examined for each of the mechanisms. Nevertheless, due to lack of information the empirical decay laws for the poisoning mechanism were checked only with the first-and the second-order deactivation.…”

“…They differ in the mechanism of deactivation, in the kinetics of reaction, and in the description of diffusivity or pore structures [1,2,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Notably, since a stationary coke level on the catalyst is readily established in most industrial operations, the majority of the models utilize the deposited metals as an index of catalyst aging even at the early stage.…”

Optimization Study of Residuum Hydrotreating Processes

“…Dautzenberg et al (1987) described the catalyst deactivation model developed by Shell Research, Hannerup and Jacobsen (1983) reported the Haldor-Topsée's model, Khang and Mosby (1986) reported the Amoco model, while Chevron's model was reported by Tamm et al (1981). Another comprehensive HDS catalyst deactivation model is the Chiyoda's model, developed by the Chiyoda Corporation in Japan and reported by Kodama et al (1980). The catalyst deactivation model used in this study is the Chiyoda model.…”

“…Although some progress has been recently made in developing models that take into account individual reactions (Froment et al, 1994), the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) rate of residue is generally lumped into a single power law order reaction (Tamm, 1981;Kodama et al, 1980). Similar to HDS rate it is also usual to lump the rates of hydrodemetallization (HDM) of residues into single power kinetics (Quann et al, 1988 …”

“…However, modelling, simulation and optimization studies are rather limited. Kodama et al (1980) developed a simulation model on deactivation of hydrodesulfurization catalysts for residues to predict the actual operations of bench scale fi xed bed and moving bed reactors. Another simulation model was developed by Froment and his coworkers (1994) for an adiabatic multiphase reactor for diesel product.…”