“…The particles are neutrally charged, so the question of interparticle interaction in this work is not affected. We consider the case when the temperature difference of the liquid, substrate and air is insignificant, so thermocapillary flows are excluded from attention [20].This paper does not address the description of processes when the substrate is heated [21] or there is some external heat source [22]. Evaporation is relatively slow in our case, so we assume that the process is isothermal.…”
Section: Problem and Methods Description 21 Physical Formulationmentioning
The work is devoted to particles dynamics simulation in a colloidal drop, when it dries on a substrate and the triple-phase boundary is fixed. Experimental observations [Deegan R. D. et. al., 2000] show a ring deposition on a solid substrate after full droplet desiccation. This phenomenon of macrolevel is known as coffee ring effect. There are other experiments that show a co-effect at the microlevel. We are talking about the formation of a quasicrystalline structure on the outer part of the ring and occurrence amorphous inner zone of ring [MarínÁ. G. et. al., 2011]. The goal of this work is to check the hypothesis of other authors that this phenomenon is explained by the competition between the characteristic times of diffusional displacement of particles and their transfer by a compensation flow [MarínÁ. G. et. al., 2011]. Numerical calculations using a model built on the basis of such assumptions and effects did not show the formation of a quasicrystal structure. It is probably necessary to take into account additional effects in such a system, for example, surface tension. arXiv:1810.10812v1 [cond-mat.soft]
“…The particles are neutrally charged, so the question of interparticle interaction in this work is not affected. We consider the case when the temperature difference of the liquid, substrate and air is insignificant, so thermocapillary flows are excluded from attention [20].This paper does not address the description of processes when the substrate is heated [21] or there is some external heat source [22]. Evaporation is relatively slow in our case, so we assume that the process is isothermal.…”
Section: Problem and Methods Description 21 Physical Formulationmentioning
The work is devoted to particles dynamics simulation in a colloidal drop, when it dries on a substrate and the triple-phase boundary is fixed. Experimental observations [Deegan R. D. et. al., 2000] show a ring deposition on a solid substrate after full droplet desiccation. This phenomenon of macrolevel is known as coffee ring effect. There are other experiments that show a co-effect at the microlevel. We are talking about the formation of a quasicrystalline structure on the outer part of the ring and occurrence amorphous inner zone of ring [MarínÁ. G. et. al., 2011]. The goal of this work is to check the hypothesis of other authors that this phenomenon is explained by the competition between the characteristic times of diffusional displacement of particles and their transfer by a compensation flow [MarínÁ. G. et. al., 2011]. Numerical calculations using a model built on the basis of such assumptions and effects did not show the formation of a quasicrystal structure. It is probably necessary to take into account additional effects in such a system, for example, surface tension. arXiv:1810.10812v1 [cond-mat.soft]
“…A latex is usually synthesized by the emulsion polymerization procedure [31,34]. Thanks to their ability of film formation, latexes can be used in application including the binder in waterborne paints [35], waterborne pressure-sensitive adhesives [36], inkjet printing [37,38], sunscreen [39], paper coating [40,41], drug tablet coating [42,43], carpet backing [44], and evaporative lithography [45][46][47].…”
Section: Drying Process Of Colloidal Latex Dropletsmentioning
In this chapter, we review the applications of optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the nondestructive characterization of the drying processes of colloidal droplets and latex coatings. Employing time-lapse, high-speed imaging, OCT can be used to monitor the dynamic process of drying colloidal droplets. With the aid of high-scattering, micron-sized tracer particles, fluid flows have been captured; phase boundaries are also visible in liquid crystal droplets; and the speckle contrast analysis differentiates the dynamics of particles, showing the packing process and the coffee ring phenomenon. In a waterborne latex coat, time-lapse OCT imaging reveals spatial changes of microstructures, i.e., detachment of latex, cracks, and shear bands; with speckle contrast analysis, 1D and 2D particles' packing process that is initiated from latex/air interface can also be monitored over time. OCT can serve as an experimental platform for fundamental studies of drying colloidal systems. In the future, OCT can also be employed as an in-line quality control tool of polymer coatings and paints for industrial applications.
“…The evaporation of aqueous latex film under the mask and IR lamp (see section 2) [154] was simulated in [225]. The model includes convection-diffusion equation, equation based on mass conservation law for the solution to describe the film thickness dynamics, heat transfer equation for liquid and heat conduction equation for substrate.…”
Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Heat and Mass Transfer In Droplets ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The empirical formula is used to describe the dependence of viscosity on the particle concentration. In [225], the liquid-solid phase transition is considered to take place when a critical solution concentration c g = 0.7 is achieved. For the vapor flux density, a theoretical formula is used, which takes into account the dependence of the evaporation rate on the liquid temperature.…”
Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Heat and Mass Transfer In Droplets ...mentioning
The review covers experimental results of evaporative lithography and analyzes existing mathematical models of this method. Evaporating droplets and films are applied in different fields, such as cooling of heated surfaces of electronic devices, diagnostics in health care, creation of transparent conductive coatings on flexible substrates, surface patterning. A method called evaporative lithography emerged after establishing the connection between the coffee ring effect taking place in drying colloidal droplets, and naturally occuring inhomogeneous vapor flow densities from fluid-vapor interfaces. Essential control of the colloidal particle deposit patterns is achieved in this method by producing ambient conditions that induce a nonuniform evaporation profile from the colloidal liquid surface. Evaporative lithography is part of a wider field, which is known as "Evaporative-induced self-assembly" (EISA). EISA involves methods based on the contact line processes, methods employing particle interaction effects and evaporative lithography. As a rule, evaporative lithography is a flexible and single-stage process with such advantages as simplicity, low price and possibility of application to almost any substrate without pretreatment. Since no mechanical impact on a template is present in evaporative lithography, the template integrity is preserved in the process. The method is also useful for creating materials with localized functions, such as slipperiness and self-healing. For these reasons, evaporative lithography attracts increasing attention and has a number of noticeable achievements at present. We also analyze limitations of the approach and ways of its further development.
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