Simulation of orthogonal horizontal ground motion components for specified earthquake and site characteristics

Rezaeian, Sanaz; Kiureghian, Armen Der

doi:10.1002/eqe.1132

Cited by 97 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The advantage of using the model in Equation is due to the fact that it preserves the realistic non‐Gaussian character of earthquakes, a feature usually not considered in other models. () The non‐Gaussianity of real earthquakes is supported by the results in Figure a, which show that the kurtosis coefficient as a function of v s 30 for the ground motions in the NGA‐West data set is greater than 3, the characteristic value for Gaussian processes. Figure b shows the probability distribution function of the kurtosis κ for the type‐C National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program (NEHRP) soil, similar to the soil assumed for this study.…”

Section: Seismic Hazardmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Performance‐based seismic design of tuned inerter dampers

Radu

Lazar

Neild

2019

Struct Control Health Monit

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Summary This paper proposes a novel fully probabilistic framework for the performance‐based seismic design of structures and uses tuned inerter dampers (TID) installed in civil engineering structures subjected to seismic loads to illustrate its applicability. The framework proposed is based on stochastic reduced‐order models, which makes it computationally efficient and can be used for the design of TIDs installed in any complex nonlinear structures subjected to general nonstationary, non‐Gaussian stochastic processes. In this study, the TID is installed in a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom nonlinear structure that is subjected to synthetic seismic records. Numerical results show that the framework proposed is able to provide rigorous and robust values for the parameters of the TID. The design parameters obtained using the stochastic framework proposed are compared with benchmark deterministic approaches, tested also for a large data set of ground‐motion real records. It is shown that the stochastic approach provides insightful designs of the TID that are consistent with the site seismicity and the frequency content of the stochastic excitation.

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Section: Seismic Hazardmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…() The limitations of scaling ground motions may be resolved by simulating synthetic ground motions, an approach that has already been adopted in the performance‐based seismic analysis of structures. ()…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance‐based seismic design of tuned inerter dampers

Radu

Lazar

Neild

2019

Struct Control Health Monit

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“…For the physicsbased method, we simulate the two horizontal components of velocity at the azimuths of the station components. For the stochastic site-based model, each pair of horizontal velocity records is differentiated to acceleration and rotated to the direction of two stochastically uncorrelated orthogonal components before simulation (i.e., the principal components as described in Rezaeian and Der Kiureghian, 2012 …”

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Ground‐Motion Simulation for the 23 August 2011, Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake Using Physics‐Based and Stochastic Broadband Methods

Sun

Hartzell

Rezaeian

2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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Three broadband simulation methods are used to generate synthetic ground motions for the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake and compare with observed motions. The methods include a physics-based model by Hartzell et al. (1999Hartzell et al. ( , 2005, a stochastic source-based model by Boore (2009), and a stochastic site-based model by Der Kiureghian (2010, 2012). The ground-motion dataset consists of 40 stations within 600 km of the epicenter. Several metrics are used to validate the simulations: (1) overall bias of response spectra and Fourier spectra (from 0.1 to 10 Hz);(2) spatial distribution of residuals for GMRotI50 peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity, and pseudospectral acceleration (PSA) at various periods; (3) comparison with ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for the eastern United States. Our results show that (1) the physics-based model provides satisfactory overall bias from 0.1 to 10 Hz and produces more realistic synthetic waveforms; (2) the stochastic site-based model also yields more realistic synthetic waveforms and performs superiorly for frequencies greater than about 1 Hz; (3) the stochastic source-based model has larger bias at lower frequencies (< 0:5 Hz) and cannot reproduce the varying frequency content in the time domain. The spatial distribution of GMRotI50 residuals shows that there is no obvious pattern with distance in the simulation bias, but there is some azimuthal variability. The comparison between synthetics and GMPEs shows similar fall-off with distance for all three models, comparable PGA and PSA amplitudes for the physicsbased and stochastic site-based models, and systematic lower amplitudes for the stochastic source-based model at lower frequencies (< 0:5 Hz).

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“…This lower stress drop is used to explain the results of previous studies that the median response spectra from aftershocks are observed to be systematically 20% to 40% lower at short spectral periods than the median response spectra from main shocks. In this paper, we develop an aftershock synthetic ground motion model by extending to far‐field aftershocks the model proposed by Rezaeian and Der Kiureghian for far‐field main shocks . The proposed aftershock model is calibrated using aftershock ground motions from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) NGA‐West2 ground motion database .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic procedure for the simulation of synthetic main shock‐aftershock ground motion sequences

Gardoni

2018

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Summary According to the current seismic codes, structures are designed to resist the first damaging earthquake during their service life. However, after a strong main shock, a structure may still face damaging aftershocks. The main shock‐aftershock sequence may result in major damage and eventually the collapse of a structure. Current studies on seismic hazard mainly focus on the modeling and simulation of main shocks. This paper proposes a 3‐step procedure to generate main shock‐aftershock sequences of pairs of horizontal components of a ground motion at a site of interest. The first step generates ground motions for the main shock using either a source‐based or site‐based model. The second step generates sequences of aftershocks' magnitudes, locations, and times of occurrence using either a fault‐based or seismicity‐based model. The third step simulates pairs of ground motion components using a new empirical model proposed in this paper. We develop prediction equations for the controlling parameters of a ground motion model, where the predictors are the site condition and the aftershock characteristics from the second step. The coefficients in the prediction equations and the correlation between the model parameters (of the 2 horizontal components of 1 record and of several records in 1 sequence) are estimated using a database of aftershock accelerograms. A backward stepwise deletion method is used to simplify the initial candidate prediction equations and avoid overfitting the data. The procedure, based on easily identifiable engineering parameters, is a useful tool to incorporate effects of aftershocks into seismic analysis and design.

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Simulation of orthogonal horizontal ground motion components for specified earthquake and site characteristics

Cited by 97 publications

References 30 publications

Performance‐based seismic design of tuned inerter dampers

Performance‐based seismic design of tuned inerter dampers

Ground‐Motion Simulation for the 23 August 2011, Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake Using Physics‐Based and Stochastic Broadband Methods

Stochastic procedure for the simulation of synthetic main shock‐aftershock ground motion sequences

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